如何更改所有git消息提交中的特定字符串?

问题描述：

我想grep并更改所有推送到Github的消息中的特定字符串.是否可以?如何?我知道如何通过 git commit --amend 更改最后一条消息，但是我想更改所有提交的所有消息.

I want to grep and change specific string throughout all messages that are pushed to Github. Is it possible? How? I know how to change last message bye git commit --amend but I want to change all message of all commits.

答

使用 git-filter-branch 及其-msg-filter 选项，例如:

git filter-branch -f --msg-filter 'sed "s/git-svn.*$//g"' -- --all

请注意，这将在您的存储库中几乎完全更改您的提交ID，因此所有从事您的项目的人都需要进行全新的克隆.

Note that this will change pretty much all your commit ids in your repo, and so everyone who works on your project will thus need to do a fresh clone.

有关更多讨论，请参见此博客文章:

See this blog post for some more discussion:

http://mm0hai.net/blog/2011/03/10/rewriting-git-commit-message-history.html

请注意，上述命令仅针对您的本地副本执行，并且您需要推送到GitHub才能在其中反映更新...

Note that the above command only executes against your local copy, and you need to push to GitHub in order to get your updates reflected there...

逐步

首先使用-mirror 标志克隆您的仓库的新副本:

First clone a fresh copy of your repo, using the --mirror flag:

$ git clone --mirror git://example.com/my-repo.git

这是一个裸仓库，这意味着您的常规文件将不可见，但它是存储库的Git数据库的完整副本，此时，您应该进行备份以确保您不会丢失任何东西.

This is a bare repo, which means your normal files won't be visible, but it is a full copy of the Git database of your repository, and at this point you should make a backup of it to ensure you don't lose anything.

现在，您可以运行 git-filter-branch 来修复提交消息:

Now you can run git-filter-branch to fix your commit messages:

git filter-branch -f --msg-filter 'sed "s/git-svn.*$//g"' -- --all

一旦您对存储库的更新状态感到满意，请将其回退(请注意，由于您的克隆命令使用了-mirror 标志，因此此推送将更新 all 远程服务器上的引用):

Once you're happy with the updated state of your repo, push it back up (note that because your clone command used the --mirror flag, this push will update all refs on your remote server):

$ git push

在这一点上，您已经准备好让所有人(包括您自己)放弃他们的回购的旧副本，并为新的，原始的好数据做新的克隆.

At this point, you're ready for everyone- including yourself -to ditch their old copies of the repo and do fresh clones of the nice, new pristine data.

...我不得不指出 BFG 通常是清理Git历史记录比 git-filter-branch 好得多，但是在这种情况下， git-filter-branch 听起来很适合您的需求.

...I'm compelled to point out that The BFG is often much better than git-filter-branch for cleaning up Git history, but in this case just git-filter-branch sounds perfect for your needs.

如何更改所有git消息提交中的特定字符串?

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