如何解决Go项目中嵌套应用程序二进制文件中的依赖项？

问题描述：

This sounds stupid, but I am trying for build my new golang project for a while now and I am stuck with following error

can't load package: package github.com/kuskmen/yamq/cmd/yamq-client: found packages main (main.go) and yamqclient (yamq-client.go) in C:\projects\yamq\cmd\yamq-client

I know this should be straightforward to fix, but I come from .NET and I am still not experienced in Go projects and its dependency resolution model hence the struggle.

My project structure looks like so

/yamq
    /cmd
        /yamq-client          // yamq client application binary
            main.go           // package main
            yamq-client.go    // package yamqclient
        /yamq-server          // yamq server application binary
            main.go           // package main
            yamq-server.go    // package yamqserver
    go.mod                // contains only "module github.com/kuskmen/yamq" for now
    ... // some library files that will probably be moved to /shared folder

so far so good, when I do go build in outermost directory ( /yamq ) it is building successfully (or at least it is not showing any errors), but when I try to build either yamq-client or yamq-server binaries I get the aforementioned error and every time I try to google it or find something useful I got some old article or answer that dates back 2013-2016 that suggests something about $GOPATH and etc which shouldn't be the case here since I am trying to use go modules.

Help a fellow .NET developer join Go community by explaining him how exactly modules work cause I found this and this useless or at least I am missing the point, thanks in advance!

这听起来很愚蠢，但我现在尝试构建我的新golang项目已有一段时间，因此我坚持以下错误 p>

无法加载程序包：程序包github.com/kuskmen/yamq/cmd/yamq-client：找到了程序包main（main.go）和yamqclient（yamq -client.go）在C：\ projects \ yamq \ cmd \ yamq-client p> blockquote>

中，我知道这应该很容易解决，但我来自.NET 而且我仍然对Go项目及其依赖项解析模型还没有经验，因此很难。 p>

我的项目结构看起来像这样 p>

/ yamq / cmd / yamq-client // yamq客户端应用程序二进制 main.go //包main yamq-client.go //包yamqclient / yamq-server // yamq服务器应用程序二进制\ n main.go //包main yamq-server.go //包yamqserver go.mod //续现在仅是“模块github.com/kuskmen/yamq” ... // //一些可能会移至/ shared文件夹的库文件 code> pre> 到目前为止，到目前为止，当我在最外面的目录（/ yamq）中执行 go code>时，它可以成功构建（或至少不显示任何错误），但是当我尝试构建任一时 yamq-client code>或 yamq-server code>二进制文件我收到上述错误，每次尝试搜索它或发现有用的东西时，我都会得到一些旧文章或答案，该文章可追溯到2013-2016年，建议有关 $ GOPATH code>之类的东西，在这里不应该这样，因为我正尝试使用go模块。 p> 帮助其他.NET开发人员加入Go 通过向他解释模块的工作原理，发现了 this 和 th 是没有用的，或者至少我没讲清楚，谢谢！ p> div>

答

To follow up from my comment above:

From https://golang.org/doc/code.html:

Go programmers typically keep all their Go code in a single workspace.

A workspace contains many version control repositories (managed by Git, for example).

Each repository contains one or more packages.

Each package consists of one or more Go source files in a single directory.

The path to a package's directory determines its import path.

答

For your project, I'd do something like this:

$ tree
.
├── clientlib
│   └── lib.go
├── cmd
│   ├── client
│   │   └── main.go
│   └── server
│       └── main.go
├── go.mod
└── serverlib
    └── lib.go

5 directories, 5 files

$ cat go.mod
module myproject.com

The module name is arbitrary (could be github.com/yourname/yourproject).

For the server side:

$ cat serverlib/lib.go 
package serverlib

import "fmt"

func Hello() {
    fmt.Println("Hello from serverlib.Hello")
}

$ cat cmd/server/main.go 
package main

import (
    "fmt"

    "myproject.com/serverlib"
)

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Running server")
    serverlib.Hello()
}

And now we can build and run it:

$ go build -o server cmd/server/main.go 
$ ./server
Running server
Hello from serverlib.Hello

The client side looks symmetrical.

Variations: you could name the .go files in cmd/... by their actual binary names - like server.go and client.go. The package in each is still main, but then go build creates an executable with the file's name (sans the .go) without needing to -o explicitly.

如何解决Go项目中嵌套应用程序二进制文件中的依赖项？

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