从PHP外部打印PHP运行调用堆栈

问题描述：

PHP中是否有任何运行时堆栈跟踪功能？
（对于谁也写Java，我的意思是jstack。）

Is there any runtime stack trace feature in PHP, by a given PID of it? (For whom also write Java, I mean jstack.)

我有几个PHP后台进程，他们在一些未知的行上冻结了一会儿。我可以简单地杀死他们，重新启动，但是不要再阻止它再次发生。

I got few PHP background process that they are freeze once a while on some unknown lines. I can simply kill them all and restart but that don't prevent it happen again.

是否有一个API可以监视堆栈并告诉？像JDK提供的jstack工具？

Is there a API able to spy the stack and tell? like the jstack utility provided from JDK?

答

您有几个可以调试未知错误的选项。

You have a few options in terms of debugging unknown errors.

第一种方法很容易，但需要安装PHP扩展名。

第二种方法提供了一个更难实践的方法，但如果您进入PHP解释器的低级内部工作，绝对值得。此外，这将需要使用 - 启用调试配置Linux和PHP。

第三个，在我个人看来最简单的方法不需要使用任何外部程序或添加的PHP扩展。

The first method is easy, but requires a PHP extension to be installed.
The second method offers a more difficult hands-on approach, but is definitely worth it if you're into the low-level inner-workings of the PHP interpreter. Also, this will require linux and PHP to be configured with --enable-debug.
The third and, in my personal opinion the easiest, method doesn't require the use of any external programs or added PHP extensions.

Xdebug

这是一个PHP扩展，您可以安装和可用于任何网站/页面。

网站功能的快速列表：
- 自动堆栈跟踪
- 函数调用记录
- 显示增强的var_dump（）输出和代码覆盖信息等功能。

如果看到自己需要调试脚本很多，这可能是最好的选择。漂亮的错误显示也是我书中的好主意。

This is a PHP extension you can install and have available for any site/page.
A quick-list of features from the website:
- Automatic stack trace upon error
- Function call logging
- Display features such as enhanced var_dump() output and code coverage information.
使用 gdb 运行崩溃并分析回溯的文件。

Use gdb to run the file that crashes and analyze the backtrace.
- 这是一种中间到高级的方法，需要PHP配置为 - enable-debug ，运行 Apache 的linux机器，以及对软件在较低级别上的工作方式的强烈愿望/能力。
- 运行 gdb 与 Apache ：
  
  gdb / usr / lib / httpd
- 然后，您有两个选项：
  - 将apache作为服务器并加载文件通过浏览器正常：
    
    （gdb）run -X
    
    ...现在，在浏览器中 - 访问正常崩溃的页面并切换回 gdb ：
    （gdb）backtrace
    
    ...将打印完整的追溯
  - 或者使用 gdb 运行脚本t本身：
    
    （gdb）运行/path/to/the/script.php
    
    （gdb）backtrace
    
    ...将打印完整的追溯
  - This is an intermediate-to-advanced approach that requires PHP to be configured with --enable-debug, a linux machine running Apache, and a strong desire/ability to understand the way software works on a lower-level.
  - Run gdb with Apache:
    gdb /usr/lib/httpd
  - Then, you have two options.:
    - Run apache as a server and load the file through a browser, as normal:
      (gdb) run -X
      ... now, in your browser - access the page that crashes as normal and switch back to gdb: (gdb) backtrace
      ... the full backtrace will be printed
    - Or, use gdb to run the script itself:
      (gdb) run /path/to/the/script.php
      (gdb) backtrace
      ... the full backtrace will be printed
    创建一个自定义错误处理程序，当抛出错误时打印堆栈跟踪。
    
    Create a custom error handler that prints the stack trace when an error is thrown.
    - 为了确保捕获所有错误，您可以捕获错误，异常和PHP的关闭事件。
    - 要调试单个页面，就像创建一个函数来处理错误一样简单，然后将该函数粘贴到您遇到问题的页面顶部。一步一步，我有一个错误处理类在一个单独的文件，只需要包含它（在下面的简化版本）。您可以调整每种方法以适应您的显示需求，甚至可以根据每个错误数量处理错误！
    - 然后，要使用此选项，只需添加 require （'ErrorHandler.php'）; 到页面顶部，它应该自动注册自己来处理任何错误。当然，请务必更新包含路径以指向实际的文件。
    - To be sure to catch all errors, you can catch Errors, Exceptions, and PHP's Shutdown events.
    - To debug a single page, it's as simple as creating a function to handle the error and then pasting that function into the top of the page you're having issues on. One step further, I have an "error handling" class that's in a separate file and just include it whenever needed (simplified-version below). You can tweak each method to suit your display needs, or even handle errors on a per-error-number basis!
    - Then, to use this, just add require('ErrorHandler.php'); to the top of your page and it should auto-register itself to handle any errors. Be sure to update the include-path to point to the actual file, of course.
    ErrorHandler.php：
    
    ErrorHandler.php:
```
<?php
class ErrorHandler {
    public static function captureError($err_no, $message, $file, $line) {
        echo '<strong>Error (#' . $err_no . '):</strong> ' . $message . ' in ' . $file . ' on line #' . $line . '<br />';
        debug_print_backtrace();
    }

    public static function captureException($exception) {
        echo '<pre>' . print_r($exception, true) . '</pre>';
    }

    public static function captureShutdown() {
        if (($error = error_get_last()) !== null) {
            debug_print_backtrace();
        }
    }
}
set_error_handler(array('ErrorHandler', 'captureError'));
set_exception_handler(array('ErrorHandler', 'captureException'));
register_shutdown_function(array('ErrorHandler', 'captureShutdown'));
?>
```

从PHP外部打印PHP运行调用堆栈

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