python基础学习-网络学习
python的socket跟java差不多，首先可以用socket根据url获取ip，比如用python的socket通过“www.baidu.com”来获取百度的IP
>>> import socket >>> ip = socket.gethostbyname("www.baidu.com") >>> PRint(ip) 183.232.231.173
或者是通过socket获取本机IP
>>> ip = socket.gethostbyname("localhost") >>> print(ip) 127.0.0.1
python的socket还有其他很多东西
>>> help(socket) Help on module socket: NAME socket DESCRIPTION This module provides socket Operations and some related functions. On Unix, it supports IP (Internet Protocol) and Unix domain sockets. On other systems, it only supports IP. Functions specific for a socket are available as methods of the socket object. Functions: socket() -- create a new socket object socketpair() -- create a pair of new socket objects [*] fromfd() -- create a socket object from an open file descriptor [*] fromshare() -- create a socket object from data received from socket.share() [*] gethostname() -- return the current hostname gethostbyname() -- map a hostname to its IP number gethostbyaddr() -- map an IP number or hostname to DNS info getservbyname() -- map a service name and a protocol name to a port number getprotobyname() -- map a protocol name (e.g. 'tcp') to a number ntohs(), ntohl() -- convert 16, 32 bit int from network to host byte order htons(), htonl() -- convert 16, 32 bit int from host to network byte order inet_aton() -- convert IP addr string (123.45.67.89) to 32-bit packed format inet_ntoa() -- convert 32-bit packed format IP to string (123.45.67.89) socket.getdefaulttimeout() -- get the default timeout value socket.setdefaulttimeout() -- set the default timeout value create_connection() -- connects to an address, with an optional timeout and optional source address. [*] not available on all platforms! Special objects: SocketType -- type object for socket objects error -- exception raised for I/O errors has_ipv6 -- boolean value indicating if IPv6 is supported IntEnum constants: AF_INET, AF_UNIX -- socket domains (first argument to socket() call) SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_RAW -- socket types (second argument) Integer constants: Many other constants may be defined; these may be used in calls to the setsockopt() and getsockopt() methods. CLASSES builtins.Exception(builtins.BaseException) builtins.OSError gaierror herror timeout builtins.object _socket.socket socket enum.IntEnum(builtins.int, enum.Enum) AddressFamily SocketKind class AddressFamily(enum.IntEnum) | An enumeration. | | Method resolution order: | AddressFamily | enum.IntEnum | builtins.int | enum.Enum | builtins.object | | Data and other attributes defined here: | | AF_APPLETALK = <AddressFamily.AF_APPLETALK: 16> | | AF_INET = <AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2> | | AF_INET6 = <AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 23> | | AF_IPX = <AddressFamily.AF_IPX: 6> | | AF_IRDA = <AddressFamily.AF_IRDA: 26> | | AF_SNA = <AddressFamily.AF_SNA: 11> | | AF_UNSPEC = <AddressFamily.AF_UNSPEC: 0> | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from enum.Enum: | | name | The name of the Enum member. | | value | The value of the Enum member. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from enum.EnumMeta: | | __members__ | Returns a mapping of member name->value. | | This mapping lists all enum members, including aliases. Note that this | is a read-only view of the internal mapping. class SocketKind(enum.IntEnum) | An enumeration. | | Method resolution order: | SocketKind | enum.IntEnum | builtins.int | enum.Enum | builtins.object | | Data and other attributes defined here: | | SOCK_DGRAM = <SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM: 2> | | SOCK_RAW = <SocketKind.SOCK_RAW: 3> | | SOCK_RDM = <SocketKind.SOCK_RDM: 4> | | SOCK_SEQPACKET = <SocketKind.SOCK_SEQPACKET: 5> | | SOCK_STREAM = <SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM: 1> | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from enum.Enum: | | name | The name of the Enum member. | | value | The value of the Enum member. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from enum.EnumMeta: | | __members__ | Returns a mapping of member name->value. | | This mapping lists all enum members, including aliases. Note that this | is a read-only view of the internal mapping. SocketType = class socket(builtins.object) | socket(family=AF_INET, type=SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, fileno=None) -> socket object | | Open a socket of the given type. The family argument specifies the | address family; it defaults to AF_INET. The type argument specifies | whether this is a stream (SOCK_STREAM, this is the default) | or datagram (SOCK_DGRAM) socket. The protocol argument defaults to 0, | specifying the default protocol. KeyWord arguments are accepted. | The socket is created as non-inheritable. | | A socket object represents one endpoint of a network connection. | | Methods of socket objects (keyword arguments not allowed): | | _accept() -- accept connection, returning new socket fd and client address | bind(addr) -- bind the socket to a local address | close() -- close the socket | connect(addr) -- connect the socket to a remote address | connect_ex(addr) -- connect, return an error code instead of an exception | dup() -- return a new socket fd duplicated from fileno() | fileno() -- return underlying file descriptor | getpeername() -- return remote address [*] | getsockname() -- return local address | getsockopt(level, optname[, buflen]) -- get socket options | gettimeout() -- return timeout or None | listen([n]) -- start listening for incoming connections | recv(buflen[, flags]) -- receive data | recv_into(buffer[, nbytes[, flags]]) -- receive data (into a buffer) | recvfrom(buflen[, flags]) -- receive data and sender's address | recvfrom_into(buffer[, nbytes, [, flags]) | -- receive data and sender's address (into a buffer) | sendall(data[, flags]) -- send all data | send(data[, flags]) -- send data, may not send all of it | sendto(data[, flags], addr) -- send data to a given address | setblocking(0 | 1) -- set or clear the blocking I/O flag | setsockopt(level, optname, value[, optlen]) -- set socket options | settimeout(None | float) -- set or clear the timeout | shutdown(how) -- shut down traffic in one or both directions | if_nameindex() -- return all network interface indices and names | if_nametoindex(name) -- return the corresponding interface index | if_indextoname(index) -- return the corresponding interface name | | [*] not available on all platforms! | | Methods defined here: | | __del__(...) | | __getattribute__(self, name, /) | Return getattr(self, name). | | __init__(self, /, *args, **kwargs) | Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature. | | __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type | Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. | | __repr__(self, /) | Return repr(self). | | bind(...) | bind(address) | | Bind the socket to a local address. For IP sockets, the address is a | pair (host, port); the host must refer to the local host. For raw packet | sockets the address is a tuple (ifname, proto [,pkttype [,hatype]]) | | close(...) | close() | | Close the socket. It cannot be used after this call. | | connect(...) | connect(address) | | Connect the socket to a remote address. For IP sockets, the address | is a pair (host, port). | | connect_ex(...) | connect_ex(address) -> errno | | This is like connect(address), but returns an error code (the errno value) | instead of raising an exception when an error occurs. | | detach(...) | detach() | | Close the socket object without closing the underlying file descriptor. | The object cannot be used after this call, but the file descriptor | can be reused for other purposes. The file descriptor is returned. | | fileno(...) | fileno() -> integer | | Return the integer file descriptor of the socket. | | getpeername(...) | getpeername() -> address info | | Return the address of the remote endpoint. For IP sockets, the address | info is a pair (hostaddr, port). | | getsockname(...) | getsockname() -> address info | | Return the address of the local endpoint. For IP sockets, the address | info is a pair (hostaddr, port). | | getsockopt(...) | getsockopt(level, option[, buffersize]) -> value | | Get a socket option. See the Unix manual for level and option. | If a nonzero buffersize argument is given, the return value is a | string of that length; otherwise it is an integer. | | gettimeout(...) | gettimeout() -> timeout | | Returns the timeout in seconds (float) associated with socket | operations. A timeout of None indicates that timeouts on socket | operations are disabled. | | ioctl(...) | ioctl(cmd, option) -> long | | Control the socket with WSAIoctl syscall. Currently supported 'cmd' values are | SIO_RCVALL: 'option' must be one of the socket.RCVALL_* constants. | SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS: 'option' is a tuple of (onoff, timeout, interval). | SIO_LOOPBACK_FAST_PATH: 'option' is a boolean value, and is disabled by default | | listen(...) | listen([backlog]) | | Enable a server to accept connections. If backlog is specified, it must be | at least 0 (if it is lower, it is set to 0); it specifies the number of | unaccepted connections that the system will allow before refusing new | connections. If not specified, a default reasonable value is chosen. | | recv(...) | recv(buffersize[, flags]) -> data | | Receive up to buffersize bytes from the socket. For the optional flags | argument, see the Unix manual. When no data is available, block until | at least one byte is available or until the remote end is closed. When | the remote end is closed and all data is read, return the empty string. | | recv_into(...) | recv_into(buffer, [nbytes[, flags]]) -> nbytes_read | | A version of recv() that stores its data into a buffer rather than creating | a new string. Receive up to buffersize bytes from the socket. If buffersize | is not specified (or 0), receive up to the size available in the given buffer. | | See recv() for documentation about the flags. | | recvfrom(...) | recvfrom(buffersize[, flags]) -> (data, address info) | | Like recv(buffersize, flags) but also return the sender's address info. | | recvfrom_into(...) | recvfrom_into(buffer[, nbytes[, flags]]) -> (nbytes, address info) | | Like recv_into(buffer[, nbytes[, flags]]) but also return the sender's address info. | | send(...) | send(data[, flags]) -> count | | Send a data string to the socket. For the optional flags | argument, see the Unix manual. Return the number of bytes | sent; this may be less than len(data) if the network is busy. | | sendall(...) | sendall(data[, flags]) | | Send a data string to the socket. For the optional flags | argument, see the Unix manual. This calls send() repeatedly | until all data is sent. If an error occurs, it's impossible | to tell how much data has been sent. | | sendto(...) | sendto(data[, flags], address) -> count | | Like send(data, flags) but allows specifying the destination address. | For IP sockets, the address is a pair (hostaddr, port). | | setblocking(...) | setblocking(flag) | | Set the socket to blocking (flag is true) or non-blocking (false). | setblocking(True) is equivalent to settimeout(None); | setblocking(False) is equivalent to settimeout(0.0). | | setsockopt(...) | setsockopt(level, option, value: int) | setsockopt(level, option, value: buffer) | setsockopt(level, option, None, optlen: int) | | Set a socket option. See the Unix manual for level and option. | The value argument can either be an integer, a string buffer, or | None, optlen. | | settimeout(...) | settimeout(timeout) | | Set a timeout on socket operations. 'timeout' can be a float, | giving in seconds, or None. Setting a timeout of None disables | the timeout feature and is equivalent to setblocking(1). | Setting a timeout of zero is the same as setblocking(0). | | share(...) | share(process_id) -> bytes | | Share the socket with another process. The target process id | must be provided and the resulting bytes object passed to the target | process. There the shared socket can be instantiated by calling | socket.fromshare(). | | shutdown(...) | shutdown(flag) | | Shut down the reading side of the socket (flag == SHUT_RD), the writing side | of the socket (flag == SHUT_WR), or both ends (flag == SHUT_RDWR). | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors defined here: | | family | the socket family | | proto | the socket protocol | | timeout | the socket timeout | | type | the socket type error = class OSError(Exception) | Base class for I/O related errors. | | Method resolution order: | OSError | Exception | BaseException | object | | Methods defined here: | | __init__(self, /, *args, **kwargs) | Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature. | | __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type | Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. | | __reduce__(...) | helper for pickle | | __str__(self, /) | Return str(self). | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors defined here: | | characters_written | | errno | POSIX exception code | | filename | exception filename | | filename2 | second exception filename | | strerror | exception strerror | | winerror | Win32 exception code | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from BaseException: | | __delattr__(self, name, /) | Implement delattr(self, name). | | __getattribute__(self, name, /) | Return getattr(self, name). | | __repr__(self, /) | Return repr(self). | | __setattr__(self, name, value, /) | Implement setattr(self, name, value). | | __setstate__(...) | | with_traceback(...) | Exception.with_traceback(tb) -- | set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from BaseException: | | __cause__ | exception cause | | __context__ | exception context | | __dict__ | | __suppress_context__ | | __traceback__ | | args class gaierror(builtins.OSError) | Base class for I/O related errors. | | Method resolution order: | gaierror | builtins.OSError | builtins.Exception | builtins.BaseException | builtins.object | | Data descriptors defined here: | | __weakref__ | list of weak references to the object (if defined) | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from builtins.OSError: | | __init__(self, /, *args, **kwargs) | Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature. | | __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type | Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. | | __reduce__(...) | helper for pickle | | __str__(self, /) | Return str(self). | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from builtins.OSError: | | characters_written | | errno | POSIX exception code | | filename | exception filename | | filename2 | second exception filename | | strerror | exception strerror | | winerror | Win32 exception code | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from builtins.BaseException: | | __delattr__(self, name, /) | Implement delattr(self, name). | | __getattribute__(self, name, /) | Return getattr(self, name). | | __repr__(self, /) | Return repr(self). | | __setattr__(self, name, value, /) | Implement setattr(self, name, value). | | __setstate__(...) | | with_traceback(...) | Exception.with_traceback(tb) -- | set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from builtins.BaseException: | | __cause__ | exception cause | | __context__ | exception context | | __dict__ | | __suppress_context__ | | __traceback__ | | args class herror(builtins.OSError) | Base class for I/O related errors. | | Method resolution order: | herror | builtins.OSError | builtins.Exception | builtins.BaseException | builtins.object | | Data descriptors defined here: | | __weakref__ | list of weak references to the object (if defined) | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from builtins.OSError: | | __init__(self, /, *args, **kwargs) | Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature. | | __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type | Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. | | __reduce__(...) | helper for pickle | | __str__(self, /) | Return str(self). | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from builtins.OSError: | | characters_written | | errno | POSIX exception code | | filename | exception filename | | filename2 | second exception filename | | strerror | exception strerror | | winerror | Win32 exception code | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from builtins.BaseException: | | __delattr__(self, name, /) | Implement delattr(self, name). | | __getattribute__(self, name, /) | Return getattr(self, name). | | __repr__(self, /) | Return repr(self). | | __setattr__(self, name, value, /) | Implement setattr(self, name, value). | | __setstate__(...) | | with_traceback(...) | Exception.with_traceback(tb) -- | set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from builtins.BaseException: | | __cause__ | exception cause | | __context__ | exception context | | __dict__ | | __suppress_context__ | | __traceback__ | | args class socket(_socket.socket) | A subclass of _socket.socket adding the makefile() method. | | Method resolution order: | socket | _socket.socket | builtins.object | | Methods defined here: | | __enter__(self) | | __exit__(self, *args) | | __getstate__(self) | | __init__(self, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, proto=0, fileno=None) | Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature. | | __repr__(self) | Wrap __repr__() to reveal the real class name and socket | address(es). | | accept(self) | accept() -> (socket object, address info) | | Wait for an incoming connection. Return a new socket | representing the connection, and the address of the client. | For IP sockets, the address info is a pair (hostaddr, port). | | close(self) | close() | | Close the socket. It cannot be used after this call. | | detach(self) | detach() -> file descriptor | | Close the socket object without closing the underlying file descriptor. | The object cannot be used after this call, but the file descriptor | can be reused for other purposes. The file descriptor is returned. | | dup(self) | dup() -> socket object | | Duplicate the socket. Return a new socket object connected to the same | system resource. The new socket is non-inheritable. | | get_inheritable(self) | Get the inheritable flag of the socket | | makefile(self, mode='r', buffering=None, *, encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None) | makefile(...) -> an I/O stream connected to the socket | | The arguments are as for io.open() after the filename, except the only | supported mode values are 'r' (default), 'w' and 'b'. | | sendfile(self, file, offset=0, count=None) | sendfile(file[, offset[, count]]) -> sent | | Send a file until EOF is reached by using high-performance | os.sendfile() and return the total number of bytes which | were sent. | *file* must be a regular file object opened in binary mode. | If os.sendfile() is not available (e.g. Windows) or file is | not a regular file socket.send() will be used instead. | *offset* tells from where to start reading the file. | If specified, *count* is the total number of bytes to transmit | as opposed to sending the file until EOF is reached. | File position is updated on return or also in case of error in | which case file.tell() can be used to figure out the number of | bytes which were sent. | The socket must be of SOCK_STREAM type. | Non-blocking sockets are not supported. | | set_inheritable(self, inheritable) | Set the inheritable flag of the socket | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors defined here: | | __weakref__ | list of weak references to the object (if defined) | | family | Read-only access to the address family for this socket. | | type | Read-only access to the socket type. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from _socket.socket: | | __del__(...) | | __getattribute__(self, name, /) | Return getattr(self, name). | | __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type | Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. | | bind(...) | bind(address) | | Bind the socket to a local address. For IP sockets, the address is a | pair (host, port); the host must refer to the local host. For raw packet | sockets the address is a tuple (ifname, proto [,pkttype [,hatype]]) | | connect(...) | connect(address) | | Connect the socket to a remote address. For IP sockets, the address | is a pair (host, port). | | connect_ex(...) | connect_ex(address) -> errno | | This is like connect(address), but returns an error code (the errno value) | instead of raising an exception when an error occurs. | | fileno(...) | fileno() -> integer | | Return the integer file descriptor of the socket. | | getpeername(...) | getpeername() -> address info | | Return the address of the remote endpoint. For IP sockets, the address | info is a pair (hostaddr, port). | | getsockname(...) | getsockname() -> address info | | Return the address of the local endpoint. For IP sockets, the address | info is a pair (hostaddr, port). | | getsockopt(...) | getsockopt(level, option[, buffersize]) -> value | | Get a socket option. See the Unix manual for level and option. | If a nonzero buffersize argument is given, the return value is a | string of that length; otherwise it is an integer. | | gettimeout(...) | gettimeout() -> timeout | | Returns the timeout in seconds (float) associated with socket | operations. A timeout of None indicates that timeouts on socket | operations are disabled. | | ioctl(...) | ioctl(cmd, option) -> long | | Control the socket with WSAIoctl syscall. Currently supported 'cmd' values are | SIO_RCVALL: 'option' must be one of the socket.RCVALL_* constants. | SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS: 'option' is a tuple of (onoff, timeout, interval). | SIO_LOOPBACK_FAST_PATH: 'option' is a boolean value, and is disabled by default | | listen(...) | listen([backlog]) | | Enable a server to accept connections. If backlog is specified, it must be | at least 0 (if it is lower, it is set to 0); it specifies the number of | unaccepted connections that the system will allow before refusing new | connections. If not specified, a default reasonable value is chosen. | | recv(...) | recv(buffersize[, flags]) -> data | | Receive up to buffersize bytes from the socket. For the optional flags | argument, see the Unix manual. When no data is available, block until | at least one byte is available or until the remote end is closed. When | the remote end is closed and all data is read, return the empty string. | | recv_into(...) | recv_into(buffer, [nbytes[, flags]]) -> nbytes_read | | A version of recv() that stores its data into a buffer rather than creating | a new string. Receive up to buffersize bytes from the socket. If buffersize | is not specified (or 0), receive up to the size available in the given buffer. | | See recv() for documentation about the flags. | | recvfrom(...) | recvfrom(buffersize[, flags]) -> (data, address info) | | Like recv(buffersize, flags) but also return the sender's address info. | | recvfrom_into(...) | recvfrom_into(buffer[, nbytes[, flags]]) -> (nbytes, address info) | | Like recv_into(buffer[, nbytes[, flags]]) but also return the sender's address info. | | send(...) | send(data[, flags]) -> count | | Send a data string to the socket. For the optional flags | argument, see the Unix manual. Return the number of bytes | sent; this may be less than len(data) if the network is busy. | | sendall(...) | sendall(data[, flags]) | | Send a data string to the socket. For the optional flags | argument, see the Unix manual. This calls send() repeatedly | until all data is sent. If an error occurs, it's impossible | to tell how much data has been sent. | | sendto(...) | sendto(data[, flags], address) -> count | | Like send(data, flags) but allows specifying the destination address. | For IP sockets, the address is a pair (hostaddr, port). | | setblocking(...) | setblocking(flag) | | Set the socket to blocking (flag is true) or non-blocking (false). | setblocking(True) is equivalent to settimeout(None); | setblocking(False) is equivalent to settimeout(0.0). | | setsockopt(...) | setsockopt(level, option, value: int) | setsockopt(level, option, value: buffer) | setsockopt(level, option, None, optlen: int) | | Set a socket option. See the Unix manual for level and option. | The value argument can either be an integer, a string buffer, or | None, optlen. | | settimeout(...) | settimeout(timeout) | | Set a timeout on socket operations. 'timeout' can be a float, | giving in seconds, or None. Setting a timeout of None disables | the timeout feature and is equivalent to setblocking(1). | Setting a timeout of zero is the same as setblocking(0). | | share(...) | share(process_id) -> bytes | | Share the socket with another process. The target process id | must be provided and the resulting bytes object passed to the target | process. There the shared socket can be instantiated by calling | socket.fromshare(). | | shutdown(...) | shutdown(flag) | | Shut down the reading side of the socket (flag == SHUT_RD), the writing side | of the socket (flag == SHUT_WR), or both ends (flag == SHUT_RDWR). | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from _socket.socket: | | proto | the socket protocol | | timeout | the socket timeout class timeout(builtins.OSError) | Base class for I/O related errors. | | Method resolution order: | timeout | builtins.OSError | builtins.Exception | builtins.BaseException | builtins.object | | Data descriptors defined here: | | __weakref__ | list of weak references to the object (if defined) | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from builtins.OSError: | | __init__(self, /, *args, **kwargs) | Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature. | | __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type | Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. | | __reduce__(...) | helper for pickle | | __str__(self, /) | Return str(self). | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from builtins.OSError: | | characters_written | | errno | POSIX exception code | | filename | exception filename | | filename2 | second exception filename | | strerror | exception strerror | | winerror | Win32 exception code | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from builtins.BaseException: | | __delattr__(self, name, /) | Implement delattr(self, name). | | __getattribute__(self, name, /) | Return getattr(self, name). | | __repr__(self, /) | Return repr(self). | | __setattr__(self, name, value, /) | Implement setattr(self, name, value). | | __setstate__(...) | | with_traceback(...) | Exception.with_traceback(tb) -- | set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from builtins.BaseException: | | __cause__ | exception cause | | __context__ | exception context | | __dict__ | | __suppress_context__ | | __traceback__ | | args FUNCTIONS create_connection(address, timeout=<object object at 0x00000239A77A9260>, source_address=None) Connect to *address* and return the socket object. Convenience function. Connect to *address* (a 2-tuple ``(host, port)``) and return the socket object. Passing the optional *timeout* parameter will set the timeout on the socket instance before attempting to connect. If no *timeout* is supplied, the global default timeout setting returned by :func:`getdefaulttimeout` is used. If *source_address* is set it must be a tuple of (host, port) for the socket to bind as a source address before making the connection. A host of '' or port 0 tells the OS to use the default. dup(...) dup(integer) -> integer Duplicate an integer socket file descriptor. This is like os.dup(), but for sockets; on some platforms os.dup() won't work for socket file descriptors. fromfd(fd, family, type, proto=0) fromfd(fd, family, type[, proto]) -> socket object Create a socket object from a duplicate of the given file descriptor. The remaining arguments are the same as for socket(). fromshare(info) fromshare(info) -> socket object Create a socket object from the bytes object returned by socket.share(pid). getaddrinfo(host, port, family=0, type=0, proto=0, flags=0) Resolve host and port into list of address info entries. Translate the host/port argument into a sequence of 5-tuples that contain all the necessary arguments for creating a socket connected to that service. host is a domain name, a string representation of an IPv4/v6 address or None. port is a string service name such as 'http', a numeric port number or None. By passing None as the value of host and port, you can pass NULL to the underlying C API. The family, type and proto arguments can be optionally specified in order to narrow the list of addresses returned. Passing zero as a value for each of these arguments selects the full range of results. getdefaulttimeout(...) getdefaulttimeout() -> timeout Returns the default timeout in seconds (float) for new socket objects. A value of None indicates that new socket objects have no timeout. When the socket module is first imported, the default is None. getfqdn(name='') Get fully qualified domain name from name. An empty argument is interpreted as meaning the local host. First the hostname returned by gethostbyaddr() is checked, then possibly existing aliases. In case no FQDN is available, hostname from gethostname() is returned. gethostbyaddr(...) gethostbyaddr(host) -> (name, aliaslist, addresslist) Return the true host name, a list of aliases, and a list of IP addresses, for a host. The host argument is a string giving a host name or IP number. gethostbyname(...) gethostbyname(host) -> address Return the IP address (a string of the form '255.255.255.255') for a host. gethostbyname_ex(...) gethostbyname_ex(host) -> (name, aliaslist, addresslist) Return the true host name, a list of aliases, and a list of IP addresses, for a host. The host argument is a string giving a host name or IP number. gethostname(...) gethostname() -> string Return the current host name. getnameinfo(...) getnameinfo(sockaddr, flags) --> (host, port) Get host and port for a sockaddr. getprotobyname(...) getprotobyname(name) -> integer Return the protocol number for the named protocol. (Rarely used.) getservbyname(...) getservbyname(servicename[, protocolname]) -> integer Return a port number from a service name and protocol name. The optional protocol name, if given, should be 'tcp' or 'udp', otherwise any protocol will match. getservbyport(...) getservbyport(port[, protocolname]) -> string Return the service name from a port number and protocol name. The optional protocol name, if given, should be 'tcp' or 'udp', otherwise any protocol will match. htonl(...) htonl(integer) -> integer Convert a 32-bit integer from host to network byte order. htons(...) htons(integer) -> integer Convert a 16-bit integer from host to network byte order. inet_aton(...) inet_aton(string) -> bytes giving packed 32-bit IP representation Convert an IP address in string format (123.45.67.89) to the 32-bit packed binary format used in low-level network functions. inet_ntoa(...) inet_ntoa(packed_ip) -> ip_address_string Convert an IP address from 32-bit packed binary format to string format inet_ntop(...) inet_ntop(af, packed_ip) -> string formatted IP address Convert a packed IP address of the given family to string format. inet_pton(...) inet_pton(af, ip) -> packed IP address string Convert an IP address from string format to a packed string suitable for use with low-level network functions. ntohl(...) ntohl(integer) -> integer Convert a 32-bit integer from network to host byte order. ntohs(...) ntohs(integer) -> integer Convert a 16-bit integer from network to host byte order. setdefaulttimeout(...) setdefaulttimeout(timeout) Set the default timeout in seconds (float) for new socket objects. A value of None indicates that new socket objects have no timeout. When the socket module is first imported, the default is None. socketpair(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, proto=0) socketpair([family[, type[, proto]]]) -> (socket object, socket object) Create a pair of socket objects from the sockets returned by the platform socketpair() function. The arguments are the same as for socket() except the default family is AF_UNIX if defined on the platform; otherwise, the default is AF_INET. DATA AF_APPLETALK = <AddressFamily.AF_APPLETALK: 16> AF_DECnet = 12 AF_INET = <AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2> AF_INET6 = <AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 23> AF_IPX = <AddressFamily.AF_IPX: 6> AF_IRDA = <AddressFamily.AF_IRDA: 26> AF_SNA = <AddressFamily.AF_SNA: 11> AF_UNSPEC = <AddressFamily.AF_UNSPEC: 0> AI_ADDRCONFIG = <AddressInfo.AI_ADDRCONFIG: 1024> AI_ALL = <AddressInfo.AI_ALL: 256> AI_CANONNAME = <AddressInfo.AI_CANONNAME: 2> AI_NUMERICHOST = <AddressInfo.AI_NUMERICHOST: 4> AI_NUMERICSERV = <AddressInfo.AI_NUMERICSERV: 8> AI_PASSIVE = <AddressInfo.AI_PASSIVE: 1> AI_V4MAPPED = <AddressInfo.AI_V4MAPPED: 2048> CAPI = <capsule object "_socket.CAPI"> EAI_AGAIN = 11002 EAI_BADFLAGS = 10022 EAI_FAIL = 11003 EAI_FAMILY = 10047 EAI_MEMORY = 8 EAI_NODATA = 11001 EAI_NONAME = 11001 EAI_SERVICE = 10109 EAI_SOCKTYPE = 10044 INADDR_ALLHOSTS_GROUP = -536870911 INADDR_ANY = 0 INADDR_BROADCAST = -1 INADDR_LOOPBACK = 2130706433 INADDR_MAX_LOCAL_GROUP = -536870657 INADDR_NONE = -1 INADDR_UNSPEC_GROUP = -536870912 IPPORT_RESERVED = 1024 IPPORT_USERRESERVED = 5000 IPPROTO_ICMP = 1 IPPROTO_IP = 0 IPPROTO_RAW = 255 IPPROTO_TCP = 6 IPPROTO_UDP = 17 IPV6_CHECKSUM = 26 IPV6_DONTFRAG = 14 IPV6_HOPLIMIT = 21 IPV6_HOPOPTS = 1 IPV6_JOIN_GROUP = 12 IPV6_LEAVE_GROUP = 13 IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS = 10 IPV6_MULTICAST_IF = 9 IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP = 11 IPV6_PKTINFO = 19 IPV6_RECVRTHDR = 38 IPV6_RECVTCLASS = 40 IPV6_RTHDR = 32 IPV6_TCLASS = 39 IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS = 4 IPV6_V6ONLY = 27 IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP = 12 IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP = 13 IP_HDRINCL = 2 IP_MULTICAST_IF = 9 IP_MULTICAST_LOOP = 11 IP_MULTICAST_TTL = 10 IP_OPTIONS = 1 IP_RECVDSTADDR = 25 IP_TOS = 3 IP_TTL = 4 MSG_BCAST = <MsgFlag.MSG_BCAST: 1024> MSG_CTRUNC = <MsgFlag.MSG_CTRUNC: 512> MSG_DONTROUTE = <MsgFlag.MSG_DONTROUTE: 4> MSG_MCAST = <MsgFlag.MSG_MCAST: 2048> MSG_OOB = <MsgFlag.MSG_OOB: 1> MSG_PEEK = <MsgFlag.MSG_PEEK: 2> MSG_TRUNC = <MsgFlag.MSG_TRUNC: 256> MSG_WAITALL = <MsgFlag.MSG_WAITALL: 8> NI_DGRAM = 16 NI_MAXHOST = 1025 NI_MAXSERV = 32 NI_NAMEREQD = 4 NI_NOFQDN = 1 NI_NUMERICHOST = 2 NI_NUMERICSERV = 8 RCVALL_MAX = 3 RCVALL_OFF = 0 RCVALL_ON = 1 RCVALL_SOCKETLEVELONLY = 2 SHUT_RD = 0 SHUT_RDWR = 2 SHUT_WR = 1 SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS = 2550136836 SIO_LOOPBACK_FAST_PATH = 2550136848 SIO_RCVALL = 2550136833 SOCK_DGRAM = <SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM: 2> SOCK_RAW = <SocketKind.SOCK_RAW: 3> SOCK_RDM = <SocketKind.SOCK_RDM: 4> SOCK_SEQPACKET = <SocketKind.SOCK_SEQPACKET: 5> SOCK_STREAM = <SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM: 1> SOL_IP = 0 SOL_SOCKET = 65535 SOL_TCP = 6 SOL_UDP = 17 SOMAXCONN = 2147483647 SO_ACCEPTCONN = 2 SO_BROADCAST = 32 SO_DEBUG = 1 SO_DONTROUTE = 16 SO_ERROR = 4103 SO_EXCLUSIVEADDRUSE = -5 SO_KEEPALIVE = 8 SO_LINGER = 128 SO_OOBINLINE = 256 SO_RCVBUF = 4098 SO_RCVLOWAT = 4100 SO_RCVTIMEO = 4102 SO_REUSEADDR = 4 SO_SNDBUF = 4097 SO_SNDLOWAT = 4099 SO_SNDTIMEO = 4101 SO_TYPE = 4104 SO_USELOOPBACK = 64 TCP_MAXSEG = 4 TCP_NODELAY = 1 __all__ = ['fromfd', 'getfqdn', 'create_connection', 'AddressFamily', ... errorTab = {10004: 'The operation was interrupted.', 10009: 'A bad fil... has_ipv6 = True FILE