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从字符串中删除非字母数字字符

分类: 技术问答 • 2022-04-23 23:18:24
问题描述：

我想将以下字符串转换为提供的输出.

I want to convert the following string to the provided output. 

Input:  "\\test\red\bob\fred\new"
Output: "testredbobfrednew"

我还没有找到可以处理特殊字符(例如\r，\n，\b等)的解决方案.

I've not found any solution that will handle special characters like \r, \n, \b, etc.

基本上，我只是想摆脱所有不是字母数字的东西.这是我尝试过的...

Basically I just want to get rid of anything that is not alphanumeric. Here is what I've tried...

Attempt 1: "\\test\red\bob\fred\new".replace(/[_\W]+/g, "");
Output 1:  "testedobredew"

Attempt 2: "\\test\red\bob\fred\new".replace(/['`~!@#$%^&*()_|+-=?;:'",.<>\{\}\[\]\\\/]/gi, "");
Output 2:  "testedobred [newline] ew"

Attempt 3: "\\test\red\bob\fred\new".replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/, "");
Output 3:  "testedobred [newline] ew"

Attempt 4: "\\test\red\bob\fred\new".replace(/[^a-z0-9\s]/gi, '');
Output 4:  "testedobred [newline] ew"

另一步尝试多个步骤

function cleanID(id) {
    id = id.toUpperCase();
    id = id.replace( /\t/ , "T");
    id = id.replace( /\n/ , "N");
    id = id.replace( /\r/ , "R");
    id = id.replace( /\b/ , "B");
    id = id.replace( /\f/ , "F");
    return id.replace( /[^a-zA-Z0-9]/ , "");
}

有结果

Attempt 1: cleanID("\\test\red\bob\fred\new");
Output 1: "BTESTREDOBFREDNEW"

任何帮助将不胜感激.

工作解决方案:

Final Attempt 1: return JSON.stringify("\\test\red\bob\fred\new").replace( /\W/g , '');
Output 1: "testredbobfrednew"

答

删除非字母数字字符

以下是从输入字符串中去除非字母数字字符的正确正则表达式:

Removing non-alphanumeric chars

The following is the/a correct regex to strip non-alphanumeric chars from an input string:

input.replace(/\W/g, '')

请注意，\W等效于[^0-9a-zA-Z_]-它包含下划线字符.要删除下划线，请使用例如:

Note that \W is the equivalent of [^0-9a-zA-Z_] - it includes the underscore character. To also remove underscores use e.g.:

input.replace(/[^0-9a-z]/gi, '')

输入格式错误

由于测试字符串包含各种转义的字符(不是字母数字)，因此将其删除.

The input is malformed

Since the test string contains various escaped chars, which are not alphanumeric, it will remove them.

如果要按字面意义使用，则需要转义字符串中的反斜杠:

A backslash in the string needs escaping if it's to be taken literally:

"\\test\\red\\bob\\fred\\new".replace(/\W/g, '')
"testredbobfrednew" // output

处理格式错误的字符串

如果您无法正确转义输入字符串(为什么?)，或者它来自某种不受信任/配置错误的来源-您可以执行以下操作:

Handling malformed strings

If you're not able to escape the input string correctly (why not?), or it's coming from some kind of untrusted/misconfigured source - you can do something like this:

JSON.stringify("\\test\red\bob\fred\new").replace(/\W/g, '')
"testredbobfrednew" // output

请注意，字符串的json表示形式包括引号:

Note that the json representation of a string includes the quotes:

JSON.stringify("\\test\red\bob\fred\new")
""\\test\red\bob\fred\new""

但是它们也会被替换的正则表达式删除.

But they are also removed by the replacement regex.

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