sql server 用脚本管理作业

转自：https://blog.****.net/yunye114105/article/details/6594826

摘要：在SQL SERVER中用脚本管理作业，在绝大部分场景下，脚本都比UI界面管理作业要高效、简洁。打个简单的比方，如果你要查看作业的运行时长，如果用UI界面查看，100个作业，你就得在历史记录里面至少查看一百次甚至更多，还要记录、统计作业各个步骤的执行时间。

如有不足或需要完善的地方，也请多多指教。

1：业务场景：你想了解一下所有作业的Schedule信息，方便你作出调整或分析。例如作业的执行频率；例如你想查询那些作业是一小时执行一次的，那些是间隔几分钟执行一次的，使用下面脚本来查看吧。
2：业务场景：你想查看这个数据库实例有多少作业。
3：业务场景： 你想查看、统计哪些作业被禁止了。
    --查看实例下被禁用的作业
4： 业务场景： 你想查看有那些账号在运行那些作业，例如某个同事离职了，但是他的那个NT账号在运行一些作业，你需要修改作业的Owner，否则当系统管理员禁用这个NT账号后，这些作业就会出错。
    --查看某个Owner的作业
5：业务场景：你需要查看作业的具体步骤，例如作业执行的某个存储过程，或者有个同事想了解作业的运行情况，但是他不记得作业的名称，只知道这个作业执行了某个存储过程，那么就可以在下面SQL的基础上进行扩展。
    --查询那个作业执行了某个存储过程（因为有时候，忘记了作业名称,但是知道那个作业调用了某个存储过程，此时开发人员找你帮忙找到对应的作业,就可以通过下面SQL查找）
6：业务场景：数据库迁移时，你想把属于这个数据库的作业也迁移走，但是那些作业是在这些数据库上面运行呢？ 可以通过下面SQL来查找。
    ---查看属于某个数据库的作业(根据作业脚本执行的数据库判定)
7：业务场景：需要查看那些作业类型为"操作系统（CmdExec)"的作业。
8： 业务场景： 需要查看今天或某个时间段内出错的作业
    --查询那些作业在今天出错（如果要查询历史出错作业，去掉查询时间条件即可）
    ---查看某个或所有作业的出错的历史记录信息
9： 业务场景： 查看作业的执行时间信息。--查询作业的运行时间，检查作业是否正常运行或存在问题。
10： 业务场景： 查询作业运行时间超过某个阀值的所有作业。例如作业执行时间超过一分钟的作业
查询今天执行时间大于一分钟的作业
11：业务场景，查看正在执行的作业。
12：业务场景，查看某个作业的详细信息
13.通过T-SQL修改作业中的计划时间
14.删除作业
15.禁用作业
16.删除备份作业历史记录
17.备份所有作业
18.作业是否执行成功简单判断方法
19.使用T-SQL新建作业、新建计划任务
20.修改作业的所有者

参考：sql server通过T-SQL执行作业
执行作业：EXEC sp_start_job @job_name = 'Nightly Backup'  
获取作业信息： exec msdb.dbo.sp_help_job @job_name='db_backup'

1：业务场景：你想了解一下所有作业的Schedule信息，方便你作出调整或分析。例如作业的执行频率；例如你想查询那些作业是一小时执行一次的，那些是间隔几分钟执行一次的，使用下面脚本来查看吧。

DECLARE @ManyTimes TABLE
(
    freq_relative_interval INT,
    times  NVARCHAR(12)
)
INSERT INTO @ManyTimes
SELECT 1  ,N'第一个' UNION ALL
SELECT 2  ,N'第二个' UNION ALL
SELECT 4  ,N'第三个' UNION ALL
SELECT 8  ,N'第四个' UNION ALL
SELECT 16 ,N'最后一个'
 
DECLARE @WeekDays TABLE
(
    freq_interval    INT,
    weekdays        NVARCHAR(120)
 
)
 
INSERT INTO @WeekDays
SELECT 1    ,N'星期日               '  UNION ALL
SELECT 2    ,N'星期一               '  UNION ALL
SELECT 4    ,N'星期二               '  UNION ALL
SELECT 8    ,N'星期三               '  UNION ALL
SELECT 16   ,N'星期四               '  UNION ALL
SELECT 32   ,N'星期五               '  UNION ALL
SELECT 64   ,N'星期六               '  UNION ALL
SELECT 3    ,N'星期日,一            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 5    ,N'星期日,二            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 9    ,N'星期日,三            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 17   ,N'星期日,四            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 33   ,N'星期日,五            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 65   ,N'星期日,六            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 6    ,N'星期一,二            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 10   ,N'星期一,三            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 18   ,N'星期一,四            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 34   ,N'星期一,五            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 66   ,N'星期一,六            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 12   ,N'星期二,三            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 20   ,N'星期二,四            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 36   ,N'星期二,五            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 68   ,N'星期二,六            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 24   ,N'星期三,四            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 40   ,N'星期三,五            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 72   ,N'星期三,六            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 48   ,N'星期四,五            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 80   ,N'星期四,六            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 96   ,N'星期五,六            '  UNION ALL
SELECT 7    ,N'星期日,一,二         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 11   ,N'星期日,一,三         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 19   ,N'星期日,一,四         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 35   ,N'星期日,一,五         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 67   ,N'星期日,一,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 13   ,N'星期日,二,三         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 21   ,N'星期日,二,四         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 37   ,N'星期日,二,五         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 69   ,N'星期日,二,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 25   ,N'星期日,三,四         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 41   ,N'星期日,三,五         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 73   ,N'星期日,三,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 49   ,N'星期日,四,五         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 81   ,N'星期日,四,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 97   ,N'星期日,五,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 14   ,N'星期一,二,三         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 22   ,N'星期一,二,四         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 38   ,N'星期一,二,五         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 70   ,N'星期一,二,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 26   ,N'星期一,三,四         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 42   ,N'星期一,三,五         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 74   ,N'星期一,三,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 50   ,N'星期一,四,五         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 82   ,N'星期一,四,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 98   ,N'星期一,五,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 28   ,N'星期二,三,四         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 44   ,N'星期二,三,五         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 76   ,N'星期二,三,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 52   ,N'星期二,四,五         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 84   ,N'星期二,四,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 100  ,N'星期二,五,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 56   ,N'星期三,四,五         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 88   ,N'星期三,四,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 104  ,N'星期三,五,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 112  ,N'星期四,五,六         '  UNION ALL
SELECT 15   ,N'星期日,一,二,三      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 23   ,N'星期日,一,二,四      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 39   ,N'星期日,一,二,五      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 71   ,N'星期日,一,二,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 27   ,N'星期日,一,三,四      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 43   ,N'星期日,一,三,五      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 75   ,N'星期日,一,三,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 51   ,N'星期日,一,四,五      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 83   ,N'星期日,一,四,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 99   ,N'星期日,一,五,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 29   ,N'星期日,二,三,四      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 45   ,N'星期日,二,三,五      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 77   ,N'星期日,二,三,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 53   ,N'星期日,二,四,五      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 85   ,N'星期日,二,四,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 101  ,N'星期日,二,五,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 57   ,N'星期日,三,四,五      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 89   ,N'星期日,三,四,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 105  ,N'星期日,三,五,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 113  ,N'星期日,四,五,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 30   ,N'星期一,二,三,四      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 46   ,N'星期一,二,三,五      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 78   ,N'星期一,二,三,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 54   ,N'星期一,二,四,五      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 86   ,N'星期一,二,四,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 102  ,N'星期一,二,五,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 58   ,N'星期一,三,四,五      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 90   ,N'星期一,三,四,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 106  ,N'星期一,三,五,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 114  ,N'星期一,四,五,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 60   ,N'星期二,三,四,五      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 92   ,N'星期二,三,四,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 108  ,N'星期二,三,五,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 116  ,N'星期二,四,五,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 120  ,N'星期三,四,五,六      '  UNION ALL
SELECT 31   ,N'星期日,一,二,三,四   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 47   ,N'星期日,一,二,三,五   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 79   ,N'星期日,一,二,三,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 55   ,N'星期日,一,二,四,五   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 87   ,N'星期日,一,二,四,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 103  ,N'星期日,一,二,五,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 59   ,N'星期日,一,三,四,五   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 91   ,N'星期日,一,三,四,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 107  ,N'星期日,一,三,五,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 115  ,N'星期日,一,四,五,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 61   ,N'星期日,二,三,四,五   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 93   ,N'星期日,二,三,四,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 109  ,N'星期日,二,三,五,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 117  ,N'星期日,二,四,五,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 121  ,N'星期日,三,四,五,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 62   ,N'星期一,二,三,四,五   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 94   ,N'星期一,二,三,四,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 110  ,N'星期一,二,三,五,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 118  ,N'星期一,二,四,五,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 122  ,N'星期一,三,四,五,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 124  ,N'星期二,三,四,五,六   '  UNION ALL
SELECT 63   ,N'星期日,一,二,三,四,五'  UNION ALL
SELECT 95   ,N'星期日,一,二,三,四,六'  UNION ALL
SELECT 111  ,N'星期日,一,二,三,五,六'  UNION ALL
SELECT 119  ,N'星期日,一,二,四,五,六'  UNION ALL
SELECT 123  ,N'星期日,一,三,四,五,六'  UNION ALL
SELECT 125  ,N'星期日,二,三,四,五,六'  UNION ALL
SELECT 126  ,N'星期一,二,三,四,五,六'  UNION ALL
SELECT 127  ,N'星期日,一,二,三,四,五,六';      
 
SELECT  d.job_id                                    AS job_id    ,
        j.name                                        AS job_name ,
        CASE WHEN j.enabled =1  THEN N'启用' 
             ELSE N'禁用' END                        AS job_staus,
        CASE WHEN freq_type=1    THEN N'运行一次'
             WHEN freq_type=4    THEN N'每天执行'
             WHEN freq_type=8    THEN N'每周执行'
             WHEN freq_type=16    THEN N'每月执行'
             WHEN freq_type=32    THEN N'每月执行'
             WHEN freq_type=64    THEN N'代理服务启动时运行'
             WHEN freq_type=128 THEN N'在计算机空闲时运行'
        END                                            AS  freq_type,
        CASE WHEN freq_type=1    THEN  N'选项无意义'
             WHEN freq_type=4    THEN 
                (
                 CASE WHEN freq_subday_type=4     
                      THEN  N'每隔' +  CONVERT(NVARCHAR(4),freq_subday_interval) +N'分钟执行一次' 
                 WHEN freq_subday_type=8 
                      THEN  N'每隔' +  CONVERT(NVARCHAR(4),freq_subday_interval) +N'小时执行一次'
                 ELSE         N'每天执行'+ CONVERT(NVARCHAR(4),freq_interval)  + N'次' 
                 END
                 )
             WHEN freq_type=8    THEN 
                ( SELECT w.weekdays FROM   @WeekDays w WHERE w.freq_interval= s.freq_interval
                 )
                                    
             WHEN freq_type=16  THEN  N'每月' +  CONVERT(NVARCHAR(4),freq_interval)     + N'号执行'
             WHEN freq_type=32  THEN
                (CASE WHEN s.freq_relative_interval = 0 THEN   N'每月星期' + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(4),freq_interval)  + N'执行'
                      WHEN s.freq_relative_interval = 1 THEN 
                          ( CASE WHEN s.freq_interval =8  THEN   N'每月第一天执行' 
                                   ELSE N'每月' + (SELECT times FROM @ManyTimes 
                                                  WHERE freq_relative_interval=s.freq_relative_interval)
                                      + N'星期'
                                      + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(2),s.freq_interval -1) 
                          END
                           )
                      WHEN s.freq_relative_interval = 2 THEN 
                            (CASE WHEN s.freq_interval =8  THEN   N'每月第二天执行'
                                    ELSE N'每月'+ (SELECT times FROM @ManyTimes 
                                                   WHERE freq_relative_interval=s.freq_relative_interval)
                                       + N'星期'
                                       + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(2),s.freq_interval -1) 
                             END
                             )
                      WHEN s.freq_relative_interval = 4 THEN 
                            (CASE WHEN s.freq_interval =8  THEN   N'每月第三天执行'
                                 ELSE N'每月' + (SELECT times FROM @ManyTimes
                                                 WHERE freq_relative_interval=s.freq_relative_interval)
                                                 
                                    + N'星期'
                                 + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(2),s.freq_interval -1) 
                            END
                             )
                      WHEN s.freq_relative_interval = 8 THEN 
                             (CASE WHEN   s.freq_interval =8  THEN N'每月第四天执行'
                                  ELSE N'每月' + (SELECT times FROM @ManyTimes 
                                                 WHERE freq_relative_interval=s.freq_relative_interval)
                                    + N'星期'
                              + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(2),s.freq_interval -1) 
                            END
                             )
                      WHEN s.freq_relative_interval =16 THEN  
                            (CASE WHEN   s.freq_interval =8  THEN   N'每月最后一天执行'
                                 ELSE N'每月' + (SELECT times FROM @ManyTimes 
                                                 WHERE freq_relative_interval=s.freq_relative_interval)
                                    + N'星期'
                              + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(2),s.freq_interval -1) 
                             END
                             )
                END )
        END AS freq_relative_interval,
        CASE WHEN freq_subday_type =1 THEN N'指定时间点执行一次' 
             WHEN freq_subday_type =2 THEN N'每隔：' + CAST(freq_subday_interval AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'秒执行一次'
             WHEN freq_subday_type =4 THEN N'每隔：' + CAST(freq_subday_interval AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分执行一次'
             WHEN freq_subday_type =8 THEN N'每隔：' + CAST(freq_subday_interval AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'小时执行一次'
        END AS freq_subday_type, 
        CASE WHEN freq_subday_type =1 THEN N'开始时间点：' 
                    + CAST(active_start_time / 10000   AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'点'
                    + CAST(active_start_time%10000/100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分'
             WHEN freq_subday_type =2 THEN N'开始时间点：' 
                    + CAST(active_start_time / 10000 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'点'
                    + CAST(active_start_time%10000/100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分'
             WHEN freq_subday_type =4 THEN N'开始时间点：' 
                    + CAST(active_start_time / 10000 AS VARCHAR(2))   + N'点'
                    + CAST(active_start_time%10000/100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分'
             WHEN freq_subday_type =8 THEN N'开始时间点：'
                    + CAST(active_start_time / 10000 AS VARCHAR(2))   + N'点'
                    + CAST(active_start_time%10000/100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分'
        END AS job_start_time, 
        CASE WHEN freq_subday_type =1 THEN N'结束时间点：' 
                    + CAST(active_end_time / 10000   AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'点'
                    + CAST(active_end_time%10000/100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分'
             WHEN freq_subday_type =2 THEN N'结束时间点：' 
                    + CAST(active_end_time / 10000 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'点'
                    + CAST(active_end_time%10000/100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分'
             WHEN freq_subday_type =4 THEN N'结束时间点：' 
                    + CAST(active_end_time / 10000 AS VARCHAR(2))   + N'点'
                    + CAST(active_end_time%10000/100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分'
             WHEN freq_subday_type =8 THEN N'结束时间点：'
                    + CAST(active_end_time / 10000 AS VARCHAR(2))   + N'点'
                    + CAST(active_end_time%10000/100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分'
        END AS job_end_time, 
        freq_type,
        freq_interval,     
        freq_subday_type,
        freq_subday_interval,
        active_start_date,
        active_start_time
FROM msdb.dbo.sysschedules s
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobschedules d ON s.schedule_id=d.schedule_id
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobs j ON d.job_id = j.job_id
ORDER BY j.name

如下测试案例，非常的清晰明了，一目了然。

2：业务场景：你想查看这个数据库实例有多少作业。

SELECT j.job_id                                         AS JOB_ID            
      ,j.name                                         AS JOB_NAME          
      ,CASE WHEN [enabled] =1 THEN 'Enabled'
                              ELSE 'Disabled'  END   AS JOB_ENABLED    
      ,l.name                                         AS JOB_OWNER   
      ,j.category_id                                 AS JOB_CATEGORY_ID
      ,c.name                                         AS JOB_CATEGORY_NAME
      ,[description]                                 AS JOB_DESCRIPTION   
      ,date_created                                     AS DATE_CREATED      
      ,date_modified                                 AS DATE_MODIFIED
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs j
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.syscategories c ON j.category_id = c.category_id
INNER JOIN sys.syslogins l ON l.sid = j.owner_sid
ORDER BY j.name

--中文版
SELECT
    [jop].[job_id] AS '作业唯一标识符'
   ,[jop].[name] AS '作业名称'
   ,[dp].[name] AS '作业创建者'
   ,[cat].[name] AS '作业类别'
   ,[jop].[description] AS '作业描述'
   , CASE [jop].[enabled]
        WHEN 1 THEN '是'
        WHEN 0 THEN '否'
      END AS '是否启用'
   ,[jop].[date_created] AS '作业创建日期'
   ,[jop].[date_modified] AS '作业最后修改日期'
   ,[sv].[name] AS '作业运行服务器名称'
   ,[step].[step_id] AS '作业起始步骤'
   ,[step].[step_name] AS '步骤名称'
   , CASE
        WHEN [sch].[schedule_uid] IS NULL THEN '否'
          ELSE '是'
      END AS '是否分布式作业'
   ,[sch].[schedule_uid] AS '作业计划的唯一标识符'
   ,[sch].[name] AS '作业计划的用户定义名称'
   , CASE [jop].[delete_level]
        WHEN 0 THEN '不删除'
        WHEN 1 THEN '成功后删除'
        WHEN 2 THEN '失败后删除'
        WHEN 3 THEN '完成后删除'
      END AS '作业完成删除选项'
FROM [msdb].[dbo].[sysjobs] AS [jop]
LEFT JOIN [msdb].[sys].[servers] AS [sv]
         ON [jop].[originating_server_id] = [sv].[server_id]
LEFT JOIN [msdb].[dbo].[syscategories] AS [cat]
         ON [jop].[category_id] = [cat].[category_id]
LEFT JOIN [msdb].[dbo].[sysjobsteps] AS [step]
         ON [jop].[job_id] = [step].[job_id]
            AND [jop].[start_step_id] = [step].[step_id]
LEFT JOIN [msdb].[sys].[database_principals] AS [dp]
         ON [jop].[owner_sid] = [dp].[sid]
LEFT JOIN [msdb].[dbo].[sysjobschedules] AS [jsch]
         ON [jop].[job_id] = [jsch].[job_id]
LEFT JOIN [msdb].[dbo].[sysschedules] AS [sch]
         ON [jsch].[schedule_id] = [sch].[schedule_id]
ORDER BY [jop].[name]

在这个SQL上可以引申出跟多的SQL，例如查询某段时间内创建的作业等等

3：业务场景：你想查看、统计哪些作业被禁止了。

--查看实例下被禁用的作业
SELECT j.job_id                                         AS JOB_ID            
      ,j.name                                           AS JOB_NAME          
      ,CASE WHEN [enabled] =1 THEN 'Enabled'
                              ELSE 'Disabled'  END      AS JOB_ENABLED    
      ,l.name                                           AS JOB_OWNER   
      ,j.category_id                                    AS JOB_CATEGORY_ID
      ,c.name                                           AS JOB_CATEGORY_NAME
      ,[description]                                    AS JOB_DESCRIPTION   
      ,date_created                                     AS DATE_CREATED      
      ,date_modified                                    AS DATE_MODIFIED
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs j
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.syscategories c ON j.category_id = c.category_id
INNER JOIN sys.syslogins l ON l.sid = j.owner_sid
WHERE j.enabled =0
ORDER BY j.name

4：业务场景：你想查看有那些账号在运行那些作业，例如某个同事离职了，但是他的那个NT账号在运行一些作业，你需要修改作业的Owner，否则当系统管理员禁用这个NT账号后，这些作业就会出错。

--查看某个Owner的作业

SELECT j.job_id                                         AS JOB_ID            
      ,j.name                                           AS JOB_NAME          
      ,CASE WHEN [enabled] =1 THEN 'Enabled'
                              ELSE 'Disabled'  END      AS JOB_ENABLED    
      ,l.name                                           AS JOB_OWNER   
      ,j.category_id                                    AS JOB_CATEGORY_ID
      ,c.name                                           AS JOB_CATEGORY_NAME
      ,[description]                                    AS JOB_DESCRIPTION   
      ,date_created                                     AS DATE_CREATED      
      ,date_modified                                    AS DATE_MODIFIED
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs j
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.syscategories c ON j.category_id = c.category_id
INNER JOIN sys.syslogins l ON l.sid = j.owner_sid
WHERE l.name='DomainUserName'
ORDER BY j.name

5：业务场景：你需要查看作业的具体步骤，例如作业执行的某个存储过程，或者有个同事想了解作业的运行情况，但是他不记得作业的名称，只知道这个作业执行了某个存储过程，那么就可以在下面SQL的基础上进行扩展。

SELECT j.job_id                                      AS JOB_ID            
      ,j.name                                        AS JOB_NAME
      ,s.step_id                                     AS Step_Id          
      ,s.command                                     AS Command
      ,CASE WHEN [enabled] =1 THEN 'Enabled'
                              ELSE 'Disabled'  END   AS JOB_ENABLED       
      ,j.category_id                                 AS JOB_CATEGORY_ID
      ,c.name                                        AS JOB_CATEGORY_NAME
      ,[description]                                 AS JOB_DESCRIPTION   
      ,date_created                                  AS DATE_CREATED      
      ,date_modified                                 AS DATE_MODIFIED
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs j
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.syscategories c ON j.category_id = c.category_id
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobsteps s ON j.job_id = s.job_id
ORDER BY j.name, s.step_id

--查询那个作业执行了某个存储过程（因为有时候，忘记了作业名称,但是知道那个作业调用了某个存储过程，此时开发人员找你帮忙找到对应的作业,就可以通过下面SQL查找）

SELECT j.job_id                                      AS JOB_ID            
      ,j.name                                        AS JOB_NAME
      ,s.step_id                                     AS Step_Id          
      ,s.command                                     AS Command
      ,CASE WHEN [enabled] =1 THEN 'Enabled'
                              ELSE 'Disabled'  END   AS JOB_ENABLED       
      ,j.category_id                                 AS JOB_CATEGORY_ID
      ,c.name                                        AS JOB_CATEGORY_NAME
      ,[description]                                 AS JOB_DESCRIPTION   
      ,date_created                                  AS DATE_CREATED      
      ,date_modified                                 AS DATE_MODIFIED
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs j
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.syscategories c ON j.category_id = c.category_id
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobsteps s ON j.job_id = s.job_id
WHERE s.command LIKE '%procedure_name%'

6：业务场景：数据库迁移时，你想把属于这个数据库的作业也迁移走，但是那些作业是在这些数据库上面运行呢？可以通过下面SQL来查找。

---查看属于某个数据库的作业(根据作业脚本执行的数据库判定)

SELECT j.job_id                                      AS JOB_ID            
      ,j.name                                        AS JOB_NAME          
      ,CASE WHEN [enabled] =1 THEN 'Enabled'
                              ELSE 'Disabled' END    AS JOB_ENABLED       
      ,j.category_id                                 AS JOB_CATEGORY_ID
      ,c.name                                        AS JOB_CATEGORY_NAME
      ,[description]                                 AS JOB_DESCRIPTION   
      ,date_created                                  AS DATE_CREATED      
      ,date_modified                                 AS DATE_MODIFIED
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs j
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.syscategories c ON j.category_id = c.category_id
WHERE   job_id IN( SELECT job_id
                  FROM    msdb.dbo.sysjobsteps
                  WHERE   database_name = 'YourSQLDba' )
 ORDER BY j.name

7：业务场景：需要查看那些作业类型为“操作系统（CmdExec)"的作业。

--查看作业类型为“操作系统（CmdExec)"的作业

SELECT j.job_id                                       AS JOB_ID            
      ,j.name                                         AS JOB_NAME          
      ,CASE WHEN [enabled] =1 THEN 'Enabled'
                              ELSE 'Disabled' END     AS JOB_ENABLED       
      ,j.category_id                                  AS JOB_CATEGORY_ID
      ,c.name                                         AS JOB_CATEGORY_NAME
      ,description                                    AS JOB_DESCRIPTION   
      ,date_created                                   AS DATE_CREATED      
      ,date_modified                                  AS DATE_MODIFIED
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs j
INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.syscategories c ON j.category_id = c.category_id
 WHERE EXISTS
    (SELECT 1 FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobsteps s WHERE
             j.job_id = s.job_id AND s.subsystem='CmdExec')

8：业务场景：需要查看今天或某个时间段内出错的作业。

--查询那些作业在今天出错（如果要查询历史出错作业，去掉查询时间条件即可）

SELECT j.name                AS JOB_NAME        
      ,j.description         AS JOB_Description 
      ,j.date_created        AS Date_Created    
      ,j.date_modified       AS Date_Modified
FROM  msdb.dbo.sysjobs j
WHERE enabled = 1
      AND EXISTS (
        SELECT  1
        FROM    Msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory h
        WHERE   run_status = 0
            AND j.job_id = h.job_id
              AND run_date = CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR(8), GETDATE(), 112) AS INT) )

---查看某个或所有作业的出错的历史记录信息

SELECT j.name                AS job_name
     , h.step_id             AS step_id
     , h.step_name           AS job_step_name
     , h.sql_severity        AS sql_severity
     , h.[message]           AS error_message
     , h.run_date            AS run_date
     , h.run_time            AS run_time
     , h.run_duration        AS run_duration 
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory h
LEFT JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobs j ON h.job_id =j.job_id 
WHERE run_status=0
--AND j.job_name =''
ORDER BY j.name, h.run_date, h.run_time, h.step_id

9：业务场景：查看作业的执行时间信息。

--查询作业的运行时间，检查作业是否正常运行或存在问题。

SELECT  j.name                        AS Job_Name        ,
        h.step_id                     AS Step_Id         ,
        h.step_name                   AS Step_Name       ,
        h.message                     AS Message         ,
        h.run_date                    AS Run_Date        ,
        h.run_time                    AS Run_Time        ,
        msdb.dbo.agent_datetime(h.run_date, h.run_time) 
                                    AS 'RunDateTime' ,
        CAST(run_duration / 10000 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'小时'
        + CAST(( run_duration - run_duration / 10000 * 10000 ) / 100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分钟'
        + SUBSTRING(CAST(run_duration AS VARCHAR(10)),
                            LEN(CAST(run_duration AS VARCHAR(10))) - 1, 2)  + N'秒'
        AS run_duration
FROM    msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory h
        LEFT JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobs j ON h.job_id = j.job_id
ORDER BY Job_Name, h.Step_Id
 

SELECT  j.name                        AS Job_Name        ,
        h.step_id                     AS Step_Id         ,
        h.step_name                   AS Step_Name       ,
        h.message                     AS Message         ,
        h.run_date                    AS Run_Date        ,
        h.run_time                    AS Run_Time        ,
        msdb.dbo.agent_datetime(h.run_date, h.run_time) 
                                    AS 'RunDateTime' ,
        CAST(run_duration / 10000 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'小时'
        + CAST(( run_duration - run_duration / 10000 * 10000 ) / 100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分钟'
        + SUBSTRING(CAST(run_duration AS VARCHAR(10)),
                            LEN(CAST(run_duration AS VARCHAR(10))) - 1, 2)  + N'秒'
        AS run_duration
FROM    msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory h
        LEFT JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobs j ON h.job_id = j.job_id
WHERE   Run_Date = CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR(8), GETDATE(), 112) AS INT)  --今天执行的作业
    AND h.run_status = 1    --执行成功
ORDER BY h.run_duration DESC

10：业务场景：查询作业运行时间超过某个阀值的所有作业。例如作业执行时间超过一分钟的作业

查询今天执行时间大于一分钟的作业

SELECT  j.name                        AS Job_Name        ,
        h.step_id                     AS Step_Id         ,
        h.step_name                   AS Step_Name       ,
        h.message                     AS Message         ,
        h.run_date                    AS Run_Date        ,
        h.run_time                    AS Run_Time        ,
        msdb.dbo.agent_datetime(h.run_date, h.run_time) 
                                    AS 'RunDateTime' ,
        CAST(run_duration / 10000 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'小时'
        + CAST(( run_duration - run_duration / 10000 * 10000 ) / 100 AS VARCHAR(2)) + N'分钟'
        + SUBSTRING(CAST(run_duration AS VARCHAR(10)),
                            LEN(CAST(run_duration AS VARCHAR(10))) - 1, 2)  + N'秒'
        AS run_duration
FROM    msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory h
        LEFT JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobs j ON h.job_id = j.job_id
WHERE   Run_Date = CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR(8), GETDATE(), 112) AS INT)  --今天执行的作业
    AND h.run_status = 1    --执行成功
    AND h.run_duration > 100 --大于一分钟的作业
ORDER BY Job_Name, h.Step_Id

11：业务场景，查看正在执行的作业。

SELECT job.job_id,
       job.name  ,
       sa.run_requested_date,
       sa.start_execution_date
FROM   msdb.dbo.sysjobs_view job
       INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobactivity sa ON job.job_id = sa.job_id 
        -- get only the current session
       INNER JOIN msdb.dbo.syssessions s ON s.session_id = sa.session_id
       INNER JOIN ( SELECT MAX(agent_start_date) AS max_agent_start_date
                    FROM   msdb.dbo.syssessions
                  ) session_max ON s.agent_start_date = session_max.max_agent_start_date
WHERE  sa.run_requested_date IS NOT NULL
       AND sa.stop_execution_date IS NULL;

12：业务场景，查看某个作业的详细信息。

EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_help_job @Job_name = 'YourSQLDba_LogBackups'

13.通过T-SQL修改作业中的计划时间

1.获取作业的ID

USE [msdb]
 
declare @job_id uniqueidentifier
 
declare @schedule_id int
 
SELECT @job_id = @job_id FROM dbo.sysjobs where name ='YourJobName'

2.获取计划ID

set @schedule_id = (select top 1 schedule_id from dbo.sysjobschedules where job_id = @job_id)

3.获取修改的SQL语句，并修改

sql server 用脚本管理作业

4.最终

USE [msdb]
 
declare @job_id uniqueidentifier
 
declare @schedule_id int
 
SELECT @job_id = job_id FROM dbo.sysjobs where name ='Test'
 
set @schedule_id = (select top 1 schedule_id from dbo.sysjobschedules where job_id = @job_id)
 
EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_attach_schedule @job_id,@schedule_id=@schedule_id
 
EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_update_schedule @schedule_id=@schedule_id,
 
@freq_type=4,
 
@freq_interval=1,
 
@freq_subday_type=1,
 
@active_start_date=20141105,
 
@active_start_time=103000

USE [msdb]
go
declare @job_name varchar(100)
set @job_name = N'Db_Tank_Back_Restore'
--MaintenancePlan为计划名
--删除在计划里面的日志
DELETE sysmaintplan_log
FROM sysmaintplan_subplans AS subplans INNER JOIN
sysjobs_view AS syjobs ON subplans.job_id = syjobs.job_id INNER JOIN
sysmaintplan_log ON subplans.subplan_id = sysmaintplan_log.subplan_id
WHERE (syjobs.name = @job_name)
--删除代理的作业
DELETE sysjobschedules 
FROM sysjobs_view v INNER JOIN sysjobschedules o ON v.job_id=o.job_id WHERE v.name=@job_name

--删除子计划
DELETE sysmaintplan_subplans
FROM sysmaintplan_subplans AS subplans INNER JOIN
sysjobs_view AS syjobs ON subplans.job_id = syjobs.job_id
WHERE (syjobs.name = @job_name)

--删除作业
DELETE FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs_view WHERE NAME = @job_name
GO

PRINT N'删除全部作业'
GO
DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @sql = ''

SELECT @sql = @sql + 'IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs WHERE name = N''' + NAME + ''')'
+ CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) + ' EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_delete_job @job_name=N''' + NAME + ''' , @delete_unused_schedule=1'
+ CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs

15.禁用作业、启用作业

USE msdb ;
GO
EXEC dbo.sp_update_job
@job_name = N'作业名称',--这里填上作业的名称
@new_name = N'作业名称',--这里填上作业的名称
@description = N'',--这个是作业的说明可以不填
@enabled = 1 ;--这个值表示启用还是禁用，1为启用作业 ，0为禁用作业
GO

16.删除作业的历史记录

EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_delete_backuphistory @Day
sp_purge_jobhistory 
{ [ @job_name = ] 'job_name' | 
| [ @job_id = ] job_id } 
[ , [ @oldest_date = ] oldest_date ]
-- @job_name和@job_id输入一个即可，@oldest_date 表示删除这个时间之前的所有作业历史记录
参考：****

17.备份所有作业

USE [master]
GO

/****** Object:  StoredProcedure [dbo].[DumpJobsql]    Script Date: 02/07/2014 11:38:46 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

alter PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_DumpJobsql]
AS
BEGIN


-- Author: KK

-- Create date: 2016-09-27

-- Description: 备份JOB，目前不支持邮件

-- 生成数据一份保留在master的zzz_temp_JOB_bcp表中，另外会在目标位置生成一个 job_日期.sql

-- http://www.cnblogs.com/double-K/






    SET NOCOUNT ON
    DECLARE @SV nvarchar(4)
    DECLARE @i_enabled  TINYINT
    DECLARE @sql VARCHAR(max)
    DECLARE @i_job_name                    VARCHAR(1000)
    DECLARE @i_notify_level_eventlog    INT
    DECLARE @i_notify_level_email        INT
    DECLARE @i_notify_level_netsend        INT
    DECLARE @i_notify_level_page        INT
    DECLARE @i_delete_level                INT
    DECLARE @i_description                VARCHAR(1000)
    DECLARE @i_category_name            VARCHAR(1000)
    DECLARE @i_owner_login_name            VARCHAR(1000)
    DECLARE @i_category_class            INT

    DECLARE @i_start_step_id              INT                                
    DECLARE @i_step_name                 VARCHAR(1000)      
    DECLARE @i_step_id                     INT                
    DECLARE @i_cmdexec_success_code        INT             
    DECLARE @i_on_success_action         INT                
    DECLARE @i_on_success_step_id         INT                
    DECLARE @i_on_fail_action             INT                
    DECLARE @i_on_fail_step_id             INT                
    DECLARE @i_retry_attempts             BIGINT            
    DECLARE @i_retry_interval             INT                
    DECLARE @i_os_run_priority            INT                
    DECLARE @i_subsystem                 VARCHAR(1000)      
    DECLARE @i_command                    VARCHAR(8000)
    DECLARE @i_database_name            VARCHAR(100)              
    DECLARE @i_flags                    INT     

    DECLARE @i_class VARCHAR(10) ,@i_type VARCHAR(10)
    DECLARE @c_jobid UNIQUEIDENTIFIER ,@c_categoryid INT

    DECLARE @loop_stepid                INT
    DECLARE @m_stepid                    INT        
    DECLARE @loop_scheduleid            INT
    DECLARE @m_scheduleid                INT

    DECLARE @i_schedule_enabled            TINYINT
    DECLARE @i_freq_type                INT
    DECLARE @i_schedule_name            VARCHAR(1000)    
    DECLARE @i_freq_interval            INT    
    DECLARE @i_freq_subday_type            INT
    DECLARE @i_freq_subday_interval        INT
    DECLARE @i_freq_relative_interval    INT
    DECLARE @i_freq_recurrence_factor    INT
    DECLARE @i_active_start_date        BIGINT    
    DECLARE @i_active_end_date            BIGINT    
    DECLARE @i_active_start_time        BIGINT    
    DECLARE @i_active_end_time            BIGINT    
    DECLARE @i_schedule_uid                VARCHAR(1000)
    SET @i_class    =    'JOB'
    SET @i_type        =    'LOCAL'

       if exists (select 1 from sys.objects where name = 'zzz_temp_JOB_bcp')
       begin 
          delete from master..zzz_temp_JOB_bcp
       end
       else
       begin 
          create table zzz_temp_JOB_bcp(name nvarchar(100),text nvarchar(max),sv nvarchar(4),Bak_date nvarchar(10))
       end

    DECLARE job CURSOR FOR 
        SELECT a.job_id ,a.category_id,'服务器XX' as SV 
        FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs a , msdb.dbo.syscategories c
        WHERE    a.category_id = c.category_id 
                    AND c.name NOT LIKE '%Database Maintenance%' 
                    AND c.name NOT LIKE '%REPL%'
                    AND c.name <> 'Log Shipping'
                    AND a.name <> 'syspolicy_purge_history'
        ----如果需要可多服务器备份
       --union all
        --select a.job_id ,a.category_id,'服务器XXX' 
        --from 
        --opendatasource('SQLOLEDB','Data Source=XX.XX.XX.XX;User ID=XX;Password=XX').msdb.dbo.sysjobs a,
        --opendatasource('SQLOLEDB','Data Source=XX.XX.XX.XX;User ID=XX;Password=XX').msdb.dbo.syscategories c
        --WHERE    a.category_id = c.category_id 
        --        AND c.name NOT LIKE '%Database Maintenance%' 
        --        AND c.name NOT LIKE '%REPL%'
        --        AND c.name <> 'Log Shipping'
        --        AND a.name <> 'syspolicy_purge_history'

    OPEN job
    FETCH job INTO @c_jobid ,@c_categoryid,@SV
    WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
    BEGIN
        SET @sql = ''
        SELECT    @i_job_name                 = a.name ,
                @i_enabled             = [enabled] ,
                @i_notify_level_eventlog = notify_level_eventlog ,
                @i_notify_level_email     = notify_level_email ,
                @i_notify_level_netsend     = notify_level_netsend ,
                @i_notify_level_page     = notify_level_page ,
                @i_delete_level             = delete_level ,
                @i_description             = [description] ,
                @i_category_name         = c.name ,
                @i_owner_login_name         =  ISNULL(SUSER_SNAME(a.owner_sid), N'''') ,
                @i_category_class         = category_class 
                FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs a ,msdb.dbo.syscategories c
                WHERE a.category_id=c.category_id AND a.job_id=@c_jobid AND a.category_id = @c_categoryid

        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'USE [msdb]'
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'GO'
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '/****** Object:  Job ['+ @i_job_name +']    Script Date: '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,GETDATE(),22)+' ******/' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'BEGIN TRANSACTION' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'DECLARE @ReturnCode INT' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'SELECT @ReturnCode = 0'
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '/****** Object:  JobCategory ['+ @i_category_name +']    Script Date: 08/20/2016 12:35:16 ******/'
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT name FROM msdb.dbo.syscategories WHERE name=N'''+ @i_category_name +''' AND category_class='+ CAST(@i_category_class AS VARCHAR) +' )' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'BEGIN' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'EXEC @ReturnCode = msdb.dbo.sp_add_category @class=N'''+ @i_class +''', @type=N'''+ @i_type +''', @name=N'''+ @i_category_name +'''' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'IF (@@ERROR <> 0 OR @ReturnCode <> 0) GOTO QuitWithRollback'
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'END'
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + ''
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'DECLARE @jobId BINARY(16)' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'EXEC @ReturnCode =  msdb.dbo.sp_add_job @job_name=N'''+ @i_job_name +''','  
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @enabled='+ CAST(@i_enabled AS VARCHAR) +',' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @notify_level_eventlog='+ CAST(@i_notify_level_eventlog AS VARCHAR) +','
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @notify_level_email='+ CAST(@i_notify_level_email AS VARCHAR) +',' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @notify_level_netsend='+ CAST(@i_notify_level_netsend AS VARCHAR) +',' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @notify_level_page='+ CAST(@i_notify_level_page AS VARCHAR) +',' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @delete_level='+ CAST(@i_delete_level AS VARCHAR) +',' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @description=N'''+ @i_description +''',' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @category_name=N'''+ @i_category_name +''',' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @owner_login_name=N'''+ @i_owner_login_name +''', @job_id = @jobId OUTPUT' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'IF (@@ERROR <> 0 OR @ReturnCode <> 0) GOTO QuitWithRollback' 
        IF EXISTS ( SELECT TOP 1 1 FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobsteps WHERE job_id = @c_jobid )
        BEGIN
            SELECT  @loop_stepid = MIN(step_id) ,@m_stepid = MAX(step_id) FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobsteps WHERE job_id = @c_jobid  
            WHILE (@loop_stepid < = @m_stepid) 
            BEGIN     
                SELECT    @i_start_step_id        = start_step_id,
                        @i_step_name            = step_name ,
                        @i_step_id                = step_id,
                        @i_cmdexec_success_code = cmdexec_success_code ,
                        @i_on_success_action    = on_success_action ,
                        @i_on_success_step_id    = on_success_step_id ,
                        @i_on_fail_action        = on_fail_action ,
                        @i_on_fail_step_id        = on_fail_step_id ,
                        @i_retry_attempts        = retry_attempts ,
                        @i_retry_interval        = retry_interval ,
                        @i_os_run_priority        = os_run_priority ,
                        @i_subsystem            = subsystem ,
                        @i_command                = command ,
                        @i_database_name        = database_name ,
                        @i_flags                = flags
                        FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs a ,msdb.dbo.sysjobsteps b 
                        WHERE a.job_id = b.job_id AND step_id = @loop_stepid AND a.job_id = @c_jobid 

                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '/****** Object:  Step ['+ @i_step_name +']    Script Date: '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,GETDATE(),22)+' ******/' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'EXEC @ReturnCode = msdb.dbo.sp_add_jobstep @job_id=@jobId, @step_name=N'''+ @i_step_name +''','
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @step_id='+ CAST(@i_step_id AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @cmdexec_success_code='+ CAST(@i_cmdexec_success_code AS VARCHAR) +','  
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @on_success_action='+ CAST(@i_on_success_action AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @on_success_step_id='+ CAST(@i_on_success_step_id AS VARCHAR) +','  
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @on_fail_action='+ CAST(@i_on_fail_action AS VARCHAR) +','  
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @on_fail_step_id='+ CAST(@i_on_fail_step_id AS VARCHAR) +','  
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @retry_attempts='+ CAST(@i_retry_attempts AS VARCHAR) +','  
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @retry_interval='+ CAST(@i_retry_interval AS VARCHAR) +','  
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @os_run_priority='+ CAST(@i_os_run_priority AS VARCHAR) +', @subsystem=N'''+ @i_subsystem +''','  
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + ISNULL('        @command=N''' + REPLACE(@i_command ,'''' ,'''''') + ''',' ,'')  
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + ISNULL('        @database_name=N'''+ @i_database_name +''',' ,'') 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @flags='+ CAST(@i_flags AS VARCHAR) 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'IF (@@ERROR <> 0 OR @ReturnCode <> 0) GOTO QuitWithRollback' 

                SET @loop_stepid = ( SELECT TOP 1 step_id FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobsteps WHERE job_id = @c_jobid AND step_id > @loop_stepid ORDER BY step_id )
            END
        END

        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'EXEC @ReturnCode = msdb.dbo.sp_update_job @job_id = @jobId, @start_step_id = '+ CAST(@i_start_step_id AS VARCHAR)  
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'IF (@@ERROR <> 0 OR @ReturnCode <> 0) GOTO QuitWithRollback'  
        IF EXISTS ( SELECT TOP 1 1 FROM msdb.dbo.sysschedules c ,msdb.dbo.sysjobschedules d WHERE c.schedule_id = d.schedule_id AND job_id = @c_jobid )
        BEGIN
            SELECT @loop_scheduleid= MIN(c.schedule_id) ,@m_scheduleid = MAX(c.schedule_id) 
                FROM  msdb.dbo.sysschedules c ,msdb.dbo.sysjobschedules d
                WHERE c.schedule_id = d.schedule_id AND job_id = @c_jobid 
            WHILE ( @loop_scheduleid <= @m_scheduleid ) 
            BEGIN
                SELECT    @i_schedule_enabled            = [enabled] ,
                        @i_freq_type                = freq_type ,
                        @i_schedule_name            = name,
                        @i_freq_interval            = freq_interval ,
                        @i_freq_subday_type            = freq_subday_type ,
                        @i_freq_subday_interval        = freq_subday_interval ,
                        @i_freq_relative_interval    = freq_relative_interval ,
                        @i_freq_recurrence_factor    = freq_recurrence_factor ,
                        @i_active_start_date        = active_start_date ,
                        @i_active_end_date            = active_end_date ,
                        @i_active_start_time        = active_start_time ,
                        @i_active_end_time            = active_end_time ,
                        @i_schedule_uid                = schedule_uid 
                        FROM msdb.dbo.sysschedules c LEFT JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobschedules d
                             ON c.schedule_id = d.schedule_id 
                        WHERE d.job_id = @c_jobid AND c.schedule_id = @loop_scheduleid  

                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'EXEC @ReturnCode = msdb.dbo.sp_add_jobschedule @job_id=@jobId, @name=N'''+ @i_schedule_name +''',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @enabled='+ CAST(@i_schedule_enabled AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @freq_type='+ CAST(@i_freq_type AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @freq_interval='+ CAST(@i_freq_interval AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @freq_subday_type='+ CAST(@i_freq_subday_type AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @freq_subday_interval='+ CAST(@i_freq_subday_interval AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @freq_relative_interval='+ CAST(@i_freq_relative_interval AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @freq_recurrence_factor='+ CAST(@i_freq_recurrence_factor AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @active_start_date='+ CAST(@i_active_start_date AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @active_end_date='+ CAST(@i_active_end_date AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @active_start_time='+ CAST(@i_active_start_time AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @active_end_time='+ CAST(@i_active_end_time AS VARCHAR) +',' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '        @schedule_uid=N'''+ @i_schedule_uid +'''' 
                SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'IF (@@ERROR <> 0 OR @ReturnCode <> 0) GOTO QuitWithRollback' 

                SET @loop_scheduleid = ( SELECT TOP 1 c.schedule_id FROM msdb.dbo.sysschedules c ,msdb.dbo.sysjobschedules d
                                                WHERE c.schedule_id = d.schedule_id AND job_id = @c_jobid AND c.schedule_id > @loop_scheduleid )  
            END
        END

        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'EXEC @ReturnCode = msdb.dbo.sp_add_jobserver @job_id = @jobId, @server_name = N''(local)''' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'IF (@@ERROR <> 0 OR @ReturnCode <> 0) GOTO QuitWithRollback' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'COMMIT TRANSACTION' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'GOTO EndSave' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'QuitWithRollback:' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '    IF (@@TRANCOUNT > 0) ROLLBACK TRANSACTION' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'EndSave:' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + '' 
        SET @sql=@sql+CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) + 'GO'

        PRINT @sql


        insert into master..zzz_temp_JOB_bcp
        SELECT @i_job_name,@sql,@SV,CONVERT(nvarchar(10),getdate(),112)

        FETCH NEXT FROM job INTO @c_jobid ,@c_categoryid ,@SV
    END
    CLOSE job
    DEALLOCATE job



    declare @a nvarchar(17),@c nvarchar(1000),@name nvarchar(100),@d nvarchar(100)
    set @a = CONVERT (nvarchar(17),GETDATE(),112)
    set @name = 'D:DBA_TOOLSjob_'+@a+'.sql'
    set @d = 'del ' + @name 
     set @c = 'bcp "select text from master..zzz_temp_JOB_bcp where bak_date = CONVERT(nvarchar(10),getdate(),112)" queryout  "'+ @name +'" -c -S"服务名称" -U"sa" -P"sa123456" '
     print @d
    print @c



    exec sp_configure 'show advanced options',1
    reconfigure with override
    exec sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell',1
    reconfigure with override

     EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @d
     EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @c



    exec sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell',0

    reconfigure with override

    exec sp_configure 'show advanced options',0

    reconfigure with override
    end
GO

exec [usp_DumpJobsql]

18.作业是否执行成功简单判断方法

查看某个作业的执行情况

set @fullbakjob=(SELECT case when count(HIST.run_status)=sum(HIST.run_status) then 1 else 0 end stat        
FROM  msdb.dbo.sysjobs JOB      
INNER JOIN  msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory HIST ON HIST.job_id = JOB.job_id  
WHERE JOB.name in ('Db_Tank_Back_Restore')   
 AND HIST.run_date= convert(char(10),GetDate(),112) AND HIST.run_time<'60000');

查看所有作业的执行情况

select  JOB.name,run_date,(SELECT case when count(HIST.run_status)=sum(HIST.run_status) then 1 else 0 end stat ) as stat
FROM  msdb.dbo.sysjobs JOB      
INNER JOIN  msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory HIST ON HIST.job_id = JOB.job_id  
where run_date>='20200718'
group by job.name,run_date

19.使用T-SQL新建作业

--使用 Transact-SQL 创建作业
--1. 使用sp_add_job若要创建一个名为作业Daily SampleDB Backup。

-- Adds a new job executed by the SQLServerAgent service
-- called 'Daily SampleDB Backup'
USE msdb ;
GO
EXEC dbo.sp_add_job
@job_name = N'Daily SampleDB Backup' ;
GO

--2. 调用sp_add_jobstep若要创建的备份创建的作业步骤SampleDB数据库。

-- Adds a step (operation) to the job
EXEC sp_add_jobstep
@job_name = N'Daily SampleDB Backup',
@step_name = N'Backup database',
@subsystem = N'TSQL',
@command = N'BACKUP DATABASE SampleDB TO DISK = 
N''/var/opt/mssql/data/SampleDB.bak'' WITH NOFORMAT, NOINIT, 
NAME = ''SampleDB-full'', SKIP, NOREWIND, NOUNLOAD, STATS = 10',
@retry_attempts = 5,
@retry_interval = 5 ;
GO

--3. 然后创建与作业的每日计划sp_add_schedule。

-- Creates a schedule called 'Daily'
EXEC dbo.sp_add_schedule
@schedule_name = N'Daily SampleDB',
@freq_type = 4,
@freq_interval = 1,
@active_start_time = 233000 ;
USE msdb ;
GO
--4. 将作业计划附加到作业sp_attach_schedule。


-- Sets the 'Daily' schedule to the 'Daily SampleDB Backup' Job
EXEC sp_attach_schedule
@job_name = N'Daily SampleDB Backup',
@schedule_name = N'Daily SampleDB';
GO

--5. 使用sp_add_jobserver若要将作业分配到目标服务器。 在此示例中，目标是本地服务器。

EXEC dbo.sp_add_jobserver
@job_name = N'Daily SampleDB Backup',
@server_name = N'(LOCAL)';
GO

--6. 启动的作业sp_start_job。

EXEC dbo.sp_start_job N' Daily SampleDB Backup' ;
GO

20.修改作业的所有者

1、首先介绍几个所有者相关的表sys.syslogins每个登录帐户在表中对应一行；

直接查询这个表：

select * from master.dbo.syslogins  
select * from sys.database_principals 

可以查看都有哪些登录用户的被限制权限了

2、查询所有作业的表：sysjobs（可以去官网了解文档内容）

select * from msdb.dbo.sysjobs  

其中的sid和所有者表里的owner_sid是一致的

所以下面查询被废弃的所有者号下的所有作业

复制代码
--可以用这个先查一遍。
select a.*,b.name from
( 
select * from msdb.dbo.sysjobs where owner_sid<>0x01
) a
left join master.sys.syslogins b on a.owner_sid=b.sid
where b.name like '%这里换成将要删除的帐号%'

下面是自动化更新所有涉及到的作业的所有者

declare @job_id varchar(300)
select a.job_id into #ttt from
( 
select name,[enabled],owner_sid,job_id from msdb.dbo.sysjobs where owner_sid<>0x01
) a
left join master.sys.syslogins b on a.owner_sid=b.sid
where b.name is null or b.name like '%这里换成将要删除的帐号%'
while (select count(1) from #ttt)>0
begin
select top 1 @job_id=job_id from #ttt order by job_id asc
declare @sql varchar(500)
select @sql = 'EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_update_job @job_id=N'''+@job_id+''', @owner_login_name=N''sa'''
print (@sql)
exec (@sql)
delete from #ttt where job_id=@job_id
end 
truncate table #ttt
drop table #ttt

sql server 用脚本管理作业

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