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错误代码:1005.无法创建表“..."(错误号:150)

分类: 技术问答 • 2022-04-17 15:19:06
问题描述：

我在 Internet 上搜索了此问题的解决方案并检查了 StackOverflow 问题，但没有一个解决方案适用于我的情况.

I searched for a solution to this problem on the Internet and checked the Stack Overflow questions, but none of the solutions worked for my case.

我想创建一个从表 sira_no 到 metal_kod 的外键.

I want to create a foreign key from table sira_no to metal_kod.

ALTER TABLE sira_no
    ADD CONSTRAINT METAL_KODU FOREIGN KEY(METAL_KODU)
    REFERENCES metal_kod(METAL_KODU)
    ON DELETE SET NULL
    ON UPDATE SET NULL ;

此脚本返回:

Error Code: 1005. Can't create table 'ebs.#sql-f48_1a3' (errno: 150)

我尝试向引用的表添加索引:

I tried adding an index to the referenced table:

CREATE INDEX METAL_KODU_INDEX ON metal_kod (METAL_KODU);

我在两个表(字符集和排序规则)上都检查了 METAL_KODU，但找不到解决此问题的方法.我该如何解决这个问题?

I checked METAL_KODU on both tables (charset and collation), but I couldn't find a solution to this problem. How can I fix this problem?

这是 metal_kod 表:

Here is the metal_kod table:

METAL_KODU    varchar(4)    NO    PRI
DURUM    bit(1)    NO
METAL_ISMI    varchar(30)    NO
AYAR_YOGUNLUK    smallint(6)    YES        100

答

Error Code: 1005 -- 您的代码中存在错误的主键引用

Error Code: 1005 -- there is a wrong primary key reference in your code

通常是由于引用的外键字段不存在.可能是您有拼写错误，或者检查大小写应该相同，或者字段类型不匹配.外键链接字段必须与定义完全匹配.

Usually it's due to a referenced foreign key field that does not exist. It might be you have a typo mistake, or check case it should be same, or there's a field-type mismatch. Foreign key-linked fields must match definitions exactly.

一些已知的原因可能是:

Some known causes may be:

  1. 这两个关键字段的类型和/或大小不完全匹配.例如，如果一个是 INT(10) 关键字段也需要是 INT(10) 而不是 INT(11) 或TINYINT.您可能需要使用 SHOW CREATE TABLE 来确认字段大小，因为查询浏览器有时会在视觉上仅显示 INTEGERINT(10) 和 INT(11).您还应该检查一个不是 SIGNED，另一个是 UNSIGNED.它们都需要完全相同.
  2. 您尝试引用的其中一个键字段没有索引和/或不是主键.如果关系中的某个字段不是主键，则必须为该字段创建索引.
  3. 外键名称与现有键重复.检查您的外键名称在您的数据库中是否唯一.只需在您的密钥名称末尾添加一些随机字符即可进行测试.
  4. 您的一个或两个表是 MyISAM 表.为了使用外键，表必须都是 InnoDB.(实际上，如果两个表都是 MyISAM，那么您不会收到错误消息 - 它只是不会创建键.)在查询浏览器中，您可以指定表类型.
  5. 您已经指定了级联ON DELETE SET NULL，但是相关的关键字段设置为NOT NULL.您可以通过更改级联或将字段设置为允许 NULL 值来解决此问题.
  6. 确保 Charset 和 Collat​​e 选项在表级别以及键列的各个字段级别都相同.
  7. 您的外键列有一个默认值(即 default=0)
  8. 关系中的一个字段是组合(复合)键的一部分，没有自己的单独索引.即使该字段有一个索引作为组合键的一部分，您也必须仅为该键字段创建一个单独的索引，以便在约束中使用它.
  9. 您的 ALTER 语句中有语法错误，或者您在关系中输入了错误的字段名称
  10. 您的外键名称超过了 64 个字符的最大长度.
  1. The two key fields type and/or size doesn’t match exactly. For example, if one is INT(10) the key field needs to be INT(10) as well and not INT(11) or TINYINT. You may want to confirm the field size using SHOW CREATE TABLE because Query Browser will sometimes visually show just INTEGER for both INT(10) and INT(11). You should also check that one is not SIGNED and the other is UNSIGNED. They both need to be exactly the same.
  2. One of the key field that you are trying to reference does not have an index and/or is not a primary key. If one of the fields in the relationship is not a primary key, you must create an index for that field.
  3. The foreign key name is a duplicate of an already existing key. Check that the name of your foreign key is unique within your database. Just add a few random characters to the end of your key name to test for this.
  4. One or both of your tables is a MyISAM table. In order to use foreign keys, the tables must both be InnoDB. (Actually, if both tables are MyISAM then you won’t get an error message - it just won’t create the key.) In Query Browser, you can specify the table type.
  5. You have specified a cascade ON DELETE SET NULL, but the relevant key field is set to NOT NULL. You can fix this by either changing your cascade or setting the field to allow NULL values.
  6. Make sure that the Charset and Collate options are the same both at the table level as well as individual field level for the key columns.
  7. You have a default value (that is, default=0) on your foreign key column
  8. One of the fields in the relationship is part of a combination (composite) key and does not have its own individual index. Even though the field has an index as part of the composite key, you must create a separate index for only that key field in order to use it in a constraint.
  9. You have a syntax error in your ALTER statement or you have mistyped one of the field names in the relationship
  10. The name of your foreign key exceeds the maximum length of 64 characters.

更多详情请参考:MySQL 错误号 1005 无法创建表

For more details, refer to: MySQL Error Number 1005 Can’t create table

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