python之路：进击的小白

1.hello world

print("hello world")

2.变量定义的规则

变量名只能是字母、数字或下划线的任意组合
变量名的第一个字符不能是数字
以下关键字不能声明为变量名
['and', 'as', 'assert', 'break', 'class', 'continue', 'def', 'del', 'elif', 'else', 'except', 'exec', 'finally', 'for', 'from', 'global', 'if', 'import', 'in', 'is', 'lambda', 'not', 'or', 'pass', 'print', 'raise', 'return', 'try', 'while', 'with', 'yield']

3.字符编码-*-coding:utf-8-*-

在python2.0版本中，不声明字符编码则不支持中文

python3.0可以不声明默认是 -*-coding:utf-8-*-

4.注释：

单行注释: "#"

多行注释: " ''' "(3个单引号)

5.输入

name_input=input("用户名：")

password_input=input("密码")

密码可以密文(在linux环境中)

1 #!/usr/bin/env python
2 #-*-coding:utf-8-*-
3 
4 import getpass
5 password_input=getpass.petpass("密码：")

6.模块

os模块

1 #!/usr/bin/env python
2 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
3  
4 import os
5  
6 os.system("df -h") #调用系统命令

sys模块

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 3  
 4 import sys
 5  
 6 print(sys.argv)
 7  
 8  
 9 #输出
10 $ python test.py helo world
11 ['test.py', 'helo', 'world']  #把执行脚本时传递的参数获取到了

Tab模块

 1 import sys
 2 import readline
 3 import rlcompleter
 4 
 5 if sys.platform == 'darwin' and sys.version_info[0] == 2:
 6     readline.parse_and_bind("bind ^I rl_complete")
 7 else:
 8     readline.parse_and_bind("tab: complete")  # linux and python3 on mac
 9 
10 for mac

mac版本

1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # python startup file 3 import sys 4 import readline 5 import rlcompleter 6 import atexit 7 import os 8 # tab completion 9 readline.parse_and_bind('tab: complete') 10 # history file 11 histfile = os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'], '.pythonhistory') 12 try: 13 readline.read_history_file(histfile) 14 except IOError: 15 pass 16 atexit.register(readline.write_history_file, histfile) 17 del os, histfile, readline, rlcompleter 18 19 for Linux

1 name_input = input('name:') 2 age_input = int(input('age:')) 3 job_input = input('job:') 4 msg = ''' 5 Infomation of user %s 6 -------------------- 7 Name: %s 8 Age : %d 9 Job : %s 10 -------END---------- 11 '''%(name_input,name_input,age_input,job_input) 12 print(msg) 13 print("姓名：",name_input) 14 print("年龄:",age_input) 15 print("职业:",job_input)

1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 #-*-coding:utf-8-*- 3 num = 20 4 counter = 0 5 for i in range(10): 6 if counter<3: 7 guess_num = int(input("输入年龄：")) 8 if guess_num > num: 9 print("猜大了") 10 elif guess_num < num: 11 print("猜小了") 12 else: 13 print("猜对了") 14 break 15 else: 16 couter_confirm = input("还想继续吗？") 17 if couter_confirm == 'y': 18 counter = 0 19 continue 20 else: 21 print("bay!") 22 break 23 counter +=1

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