RealityKit –以编程方式将材料添加到ModelEntity

问题描述：

RealityKit的文档包括以下结构:OcclusionMaterial，SimpleMaterial和UnlitMaterial用于向ModelEntity添加材料.

The docs for RealityKit include the structs: OcclusionMaterial, SimpleMaterial, and UnlitMaterial for adding materials to a ModelEntity.

或者，您可以在模型中加载带有附加材料的模型.

Alternatively you can load in a model with a material attached to it.

我想以编程方式向ModelEntity添加自定义材料/纹理.如何在不向Reality Composer或其他3D软件的模型中添加材料的情况下即时实现这一目标?

I want to add a custom material/texture to a ModelEntity programmatically. How can I achieve this on the fly without adding the material to a model in Reality Composer or some other 3D software?

答

更新时间:2020年6月23日.

目前RealityKit 2.0中有4种类型的材料:

SimpleMaterial
UnlitMaterial
遮挡材料

视频资料(请查看

SimpleMaterial
UnlitMaterial
OcclusionMaterial
VideoMaterial (look at this post to find out how to setup it)

因此，您可以将以下代码与SimpleMaterial()类一起使用:

So you can use the following code with a SimpleMaterial() class:

@IBOutlet var arView: ARView!

let sceneObjects = try! Experience.loadAllMyObjects()

var simpleMaterial = SimpleMaterial()
    
simpleMaterial.baseColor = try! MaterialColorParameter.texture(
                                          TextureResource.load(named: "img.jpg"))

simpleMaterial.metallic = MaterialScalarParameter(floatLiteral: 0.9)
simpleMaterial.roughness = MaterialScalarParameter(floatLiteral: 0.1)
simpleMaterial.tintColor = UIColor.yellow

/*

simpleMaterial.baseColor = MaterialColorParameter.color(UIColor(red: 0.7,
                                                              green: 0.5,
                                                               blue: 0.2,
                                                              alpha: 1.0))
*/

目前，RealityKit中只有4种方法可以创建简单的3D图元:

And at the moment there are only 4 methods in RealityKit to create simple 3D primitives:

generateBox()
generateSphere()
generatePlane()
generateText()

generateBox()
generateSphere()
generatePlane()
generateText()

所以我们使用其中之一:

So let's use one of them:

let mesh: MeshResource = .generateBox(size: 2.5)

let component = ModelComponent(mesh: mesh, 
                          materials: [simpleMaterial])

sceneObjects.components.set(component)
arView.scene.anchors.append(sceneObjects)

我们知道在SceneKit中有5种不同的着色模型，因此我们可以使用RealityKit的SimpleMaterial和UnlitMaterial生成我们习惯的所有这五个着色器.

We know that in SceneKit there are 5 different shading models, so we can use RealityKit's SimpleMaterial and UnlitMaterial to generate all these five shaders that we've been accustomed to.

让我们看看它的样子:

SCNMaterial.LightingModel.blinn            –  SimpleMaterial(color: . gray,
                                                         roughness: .float(0.5),
                                                        isMetallic: false)

SCNMaterial.LightingModel.lambert          –  SimpleMaterial(color: . gray,
                                                         roughness: .float(1.0),
                                                        isMetallic: false)
  
SCNMaterial.LightingModel.phong            –  SimpleMaterial(color: . gray,
                                                         roughness: .float(0.0),
                                                        isMetallic: false)

SCNMaterial.LightingModel.physicallyBased  –  SimpleMaterial(color: . gray,
                                                         roughness: .float(0.0),
                                                        isMetallic: true)

SCNMaterial.LightingModel.constant         –  UnlitMaterial(color: .gray)

RealityKit –以编程方式将材料添加到ModelEntity

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