为任何本地依赖项运行安装后挂钩

问题描述：

如果我们有这个:

{
  "scripts":{
    "postinstall":"./scripts/postinstall.sh"
  }
}

然后这个 postinstall 钩子会在我们执行任何操作时运行

Then this postinstall hook will run whenever we do an

$ npm install

在命令行

然而，我想知道的是，当我们安装这样的依赖项时，是否有办法运行 postinstall 钩子

What I am wondering however, is if there is a way to run a postinstall hook when we install a dependency like this

$ npm install x

是否有一些我们可以使用的 NPM 钩子?

Is there some NPM hook that we can use for that?

答

简短回答 npm 没有内置功能来提供我所知道的这种钩子.

Short answer There's no functionality built-in to npm which provides this kind of hook that I'm aware of.

可能的解决方案，虽然是一个 bash 解决方案，但将使用您自己的自定义逻辑完全覆盖 npm install x 命令.例如:

Possible solution, albeit a bash one, would be to completely override the npm install x command with your own custom logic. For example:

创建一个 .sh 脚本如下.让我们将文件命名为 custom-npm-install.sh:

Create a .sh script as follows. Lets name the file custom-npm-install.sh:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

npm() {
  if [[ $* == "install "* || $* == "i "* ]]; then

    # When running `$ npm install <name>` (i.e. `$ npm install ...` followed
    # by a space char and some other chars such as a package name - run
    # the command provided.
    command npm "$@"

    # Then run a pseudo `postinstall` command, such as another shell script.
    command path/to/postinstall.sh
  else
    # Run the `$ npm install` command and all others as per normal.
    command npm "$@"
  fi
}

将以下代码段添加到您的 .bash_profile 文件 (注意:您需要定义 custom-npm-install.sh 的实际路径代码>):

Add the following snippet to your .bash_profile file ( Note: you'll need to define the actual path to custom-npm-install.sh):

# Custom logic applied when the `npm install <name>` or the
# shorthand equivalent `npm i <name>` command is run.
. path/to/custom-npm-install.sh

注意事项

按照上述第二点配置您的 .bash_proile 后，您需要创建一个新的终端会话/窗口才能使其生效.该逻辑将在此后的所有终端会话中有效.

After configuring your .bash_proile as per point two above, you'll need to create a new terminal session/window for it to be effective. The logic will be effective in all terminal sessions thereafter.

现在，每当您运行 npm install 或许多其他变体，例如:

Now, whenever you run npm install <name> or the many other variations such as:

npm install @
npm install --save-dev
npm i -D
等等等等...

custom-npm-install.sh 将按照正常方式运行命令，然后运行命令 ./scripts/postinstall.sh(即无论随后给出的命令设置为).

custom-npm-install.sh will run the command as per normal and then run the command ./scripts/postinstall.sh (i.e. whatever the subsequently given command is set to).

所有其他 npm 命令将正常运行，例如npm install

All other npm commands will be run as normal, e.g. npm install

给定 custom-npm-install.sh 当前逻辑 ./scripts/postinstall.sh 将在 npm install 时运行;... 通过 CLI 输入.但是，如果您希望它在安装特定包时ONLY 运行，那么您需要更改 if 语句中的条件逻辑.例如，如果您希望 ./scripts/postinstall.sh 在安装 ONLY 运行rel="nofollow noreferrer">shelljs 然后将 if 语句改为:

Given custom-npm-install.sh current logic the ./scripts/postinstall.sh will be run whenever npm install <name> ... is entered via the CLI. However, if you wanted it to run ONLY when a specific package is installed then you'll need to change the conditional logic in the if statement. For example if you want ./scripts/postinstall.sh to run ONLY when installing shelljs then change the if statement to:

if [[ $* == "install "*" shelljs"* || $* == "i "*" shelljs"* ]];

为任何本地依赖项运行安装后挂钩

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