centos安装hadoop(伪分布式)

在本机上装的CentOS 5.5 虚拟机，

      软件准备：jdk 1.6 U26

      hadoop:hadoop-0.20.203.tar.gz

ssh检查配置

[root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen -t  rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
a8:7a:3e:f6:92:85:b8:c7:be:d9:0e:45:9c:d1:36:3b root@localhost.localdomain
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# cd ..
[root@localhost /]# cd root
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  Desktop  install.log  install.log.syslog
[root@localhost ~]# cd .ssh
[root@localhost .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub > authorized_keys
[root@localhost .ssh]# 

[root@localhost .ssh]# ssh localhost
The authenticity of host 'localhost (127.0.0.1)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 41:c8:d4:e4:60:71:6f:6a:33:6a:25:27:62:9b:e3:90.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'localhost' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Last login: Tue Jun 21 22:40:31 2011
[root@localhost ~]# 

安装jdk

[root@localhost java]# chmod +x jdk-6u26-linux-i586.bin
[root@localhost java]# ./jdk-6u26-linux-i586.bin
......
......
......
For more information on what data Registration collects and 
how it is managed and used, see:
http://java.sun.com/javase/registration/JDKRegistrationPrivacy.html

Press Enter to continue.....

 
Done.

  安装完成后生成文件夹：jdk1.6.0_26

  配置环境变量

[root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile
#添加如下信息
# set java environment
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_26
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin

[root@localhost java]# chmod +x  /etc/profile
[root@localhost java]# source  /etc/profile
[root@localhost java]# 
[root@localhost java]# java -version
java version "1.6.0_26"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_26-b03)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 20.1-b02, mixed mode, sharing)
[root@localhost java]# 

修改hosts

[root@localhost conf]# vi /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1               localhost.localdomain localhost
::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
127.0.0.1       namenode datanode01

解压安装hadoop

[root@localhost hadoop]# tar zxvf hadoop-0.20.203.tar.gz
......
......
......
hadoop-0.20.203.0/src/contrib/ec2/bin/image/create-hadoop-image-remote
hadoop-0.20.203.0/src/contrib/ec2/bin/image/ec2-run-user-data
hadoop-0.20.203.0/src/contrib/ec2/bin/launch-hadoop-cluster
hadoop-0.20.203.0/src/contrib/ec2/bin/launch-hadoop-master
hadoop-0.20.203.0/src/contrib/ec2/bin/launch-hadoop-slaves
hadoop-0.20.203.0/src/contrib/ec2/bin/list-hadoop-clusters
hadoop-0.20.203.0/src/contrib/ec2/bin/terminate-hadoop-cluster
[root@localhost hadoop]# 

  进入hadoop配置conf

####################################
[root@localhost conf]# vi hadoop-env.sh
# 添加代码
# set java environment
  export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_26

#####################################
[root@localhost conf]# vi core-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
<configuration>
   <property>
     <name>fs.default.name</name>
     <value>hdfs://namenode:9000/</value>
   </property>
   <property>
     <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
     <value>/usr/local/hadoop/hadooptmp</value>
   </property>
</configuration>

#######################################
[root@localhost conf]# vi hdfs-site.xml 
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
<configuration>
<property>
     <name>dfs.name.dir</name>
     <value>/usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/name</value>
  </property>
  <property>
     <name>dfs.data.dir</name>
     <value>/usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/data</value>
  </property>
  <property>
     <name>dfs.replication</name>
     <value>1</value>
  </property>
</configuration>

#########################################
[root@localhost conf]# vi mapred-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
<configuration>
  <property>
     <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
     <value>namenode:9001</value>
  </property>
  <property>
     <name>mapred.local.dir</name>
     <value>/usr/local/hadoop/mapred/local</value>
  </property>
  <property>
     <name>mapred.system.dir</name>
     <value>/tmp/hadoop/mapred/system</value>
  </property>
</configuration>

#########################################
[root@localhost conf]# vi masters
#localhost
namenode

#########################################
[root@localhost conf]# vi slaves
#localhost
datanode01

启动 hadoop

#####################格式化namenode##############



[root@localhost bin]# hadoop namenode -format
11/06/23 00:43:54 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG: 
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode
STARTUP_MSG:   host = localhost.localdomain/127.0.0.1
STARTUP_MSG:   args = [-format]
STARTUP_MSG:   version = 0.20.203.0
STARTUP_MSG:   build = http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop/common/branches/branch-0.20-security-203 -r 1099333; compiled by 'oom' on Wed May  4 07:57:50 PDT 2011
************************************************************/
11/06/23 00:43:55 INFO util.GSet: VM type       = 32-bit
11/06/23 00:43:55 INFO util.GSet: 2% max memory = 19.33375 MB
11/06/23 00:43:55 INFO util.GSet: capacity      = 2^22 = 4194304 entries
11/06/23 00:43:55 INFO util.GSet: recommended=4194304, actual=4194304
11/06/23 00:43:56 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner=root
11/06/23 00:43:56 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup=supergroup
11/06/23 00:43:56 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled=true
11/06/23 00:43:56 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=100
11/06/23 00:43:56 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isAccessTokenEnabled=false accessKeyUpdateInterval=0 min(s), accessTokenLifetime=0 min(s)
11/06/23 00:43:56 INFO namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occuring more than 10 times 
11/06/23 00:43:57 INFO common.Storage: Image file of size 110 saved in 0 seconds.
11/06/23 00:43:57 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/name has been successfully formatted.
11/06/23 00:43:57 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG: 
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at localhost.localdomain/127.0.0.1
************************************************************/
[root@localhost bin]# 

###########################################
[root@localhost bin]# ./start-all.sh
starting namenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-namenode-localhost.localdomain.out
datanode01: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-datanode-localhost.localdomain.out
namenode: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-localhost.localdomain.out
starting jobtracker, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-jobtracker-localhost.localdomain.out
datanode01: starting tasktracker, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-tasktracker-localhost.localdomain.out
[root@localhost bin]# jps
11971 TaskTracker
11807 SecondaryNameNode
11599 NameNode
12022 Jps
11710 DataNode
11877 JobTracker 

  查看集群状态

[root@localhost bin]# hadoop dfsadmin  -report
Configured Capacity: 4055396352 (3.78 GB)
Present Capacity: 464142351 (442.64 MB)
DFS Remaining: 464089088 (442.59 MB)
DFS Used: 53263 (52.01 KB)
DFS Used%: 0.01%
Under replicated blocks: 0
Blocks with corrupt replicas: 0
Missing blocks: 0

-------------------------------------------------
Datanodes available: 1 (1 total, 0 dead)

Name: 127.0.0.1:50010
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 4055396352 (3.78 GB)
DFS Used: 53263 (52.01 KB)
Non DFS Used: 3591254001 (3.34 GB)
DFS Remaining: 464089088(442.59 MB)
DFS Used%: 0%
DFS Remaining%: 11.44%
Last contact: Thu Jun 23 01:11:15 PDT 2011


[root@localhost bin]# 

  其他问题： 1

####################启动报错##########
[root@localhost bin]# ./start-all.sh
starting namenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-namenode-localhost.localdomain.out
The authenticity of host 'datanode01 (127.0.0.1)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 41:c8:d4:e4:60:71:6f:6a:33:6a:25:27:62:9b:e3:90.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y
Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes
datanode01: Warning: Permanently added 'datanode01' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
datanode01: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-datanode-localhost.localdomain.out
datanode01: Unrecognized option: -jvm
datanode01: Could not create the Java virtual machine.






namenode: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-localhost.localdomain.out
starting jobtracker, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-jobtracker-localhost.localdomain.out
datanode01: starting tasktracker, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-tasktracker-localhost.localdomain.out
[root@localhost bin]# jps
10442 JobTracker
10533 TaskTracker
10386 SecondaryNameNode
10201 NameNode
10658 Jps

################################################
[root@localhost bin]# vi hadoop
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "datanode" ] ; then
  CLASS='org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode'
  if [[ $EUID -eq 0 ]]; then
    HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -jvm server $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"
  else
    HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -server $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"
  fi

#http://javoft.net/2011/06/hadoop-unrecognized-option-jvm-could-not-create-the-java-virtual-machine/
#改为
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "datanode" ] ; then
  CLASS='org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode'
#  if [[ $EUID -eq 0 ]]; then
#    HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -jvm server $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"
#  else
    HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -server $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"
#  fi

#或者换非root用户启动
#启动成功

  2，启动时要关闭防火墙

查看运行情况：

http://localhost:50070

NameNode 'localhost.localdomain:9000'
Started: 	Thu Jun 23 01:07:18 PDT 2011
Version: 	0.20.203.0, r1099333
Compiled: 	Wed May 4 07:57:50 PDT 2011 by oom
Upgrades: 	There are no upgrades in progress.

Browse the filesystem
Namenode Logs
Cluster Summary
6 files and directories, 1 blocks = 7 total. Heap Size is 31.38 MB / 966.69 MB (3%)
Configured Capacity	:	3.78 GB
DFS Used	:	52.01 KB
Non DFS Used	:	3.34 GB
DFS Remaining	:	442.38 MB
DFS Used%	:	0 %
DFS Remaining%	:	11.44 %
Live Nodes 	:	1
Dead Nodes 	:	0
Decommissioning Nodes 	:	0
Number of Under-Replicated Blocks	:	0

NameNode Storage:
Storage Directory	Type	State
/usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/name	IMAGE_AND_EDITS	Active

http://localhost:50030

namenode Hadoop Map/Reduce Administration
Quick Links

    * Scheduling Info
    * Running Jobs
    * Retired Jobs
    * Local Logs

State: RUNNING
Started: Thu Jun 23 01:07:30 PDT 2011
Version: 0.20.203.0, r1099333
Compiled: Wed May 4 07:57:50 PDT 2011 by oom
Identifier: 201106230107
Cluster Summary (Heap Size is 15.31 MB/966.69 MB)
Running Map Tasks	Running Reduce Tasks	Total Submissions	Nodes	Occupied Map Slots	Occupied Reduce Slots	Reserved Map Slots	Reserved Reduce Slots	Map Task Capacity	Reduce Task Capacity	Avg. Tasks/Node	Blacklisted Nodes	Graylisted Nodes	Excluded Nodes
0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	2	4.00	0	0	0

Scheduling Information
Queue Name 	State 	Scheduling Information
default 	running 	N/A
Filter (Jobid, Priority, User, Name)
Example: 'user:smith 3200' will filter by 'smith' only in the user field and '3200' in all fields
Running Jobs
none
Retired Jobs
none
Local Logs
Log directory, Job Tracker History This is Apache Hadoop release 0.20.203.0 

测试：

##########建立目录名称##########
[root@localhost bin]# hadoop fs -mkdir  testFolder

###############拷贝文件到文件夹中
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  etc  games  hadoop  include  lib  libexec  sbin  share  src  SSH_key_file
[root@localhost local]# hadoop fs -copyFromLocal SSH_key_file testFolder

进入web页面即可查看

 参考：http://bxyzzy.blog.51cto.com/854497/352692

   附：  准备FTP :yum install vsftpd (方便文件传输  和hadoop无关)

     关闭防火墙：service iptables start

     启动FTP：service vsftpd start