Docker基础命令 Docker常用命令介绍
1、docker常用命令
| 命令 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| docker search | 查询镜像 |
| docker pull | 从网上拉取镜像 |
| docker create | 创建容器 |
| docker ps | 查看容器进程 |
| docker start | 启动容器进程 |
| docker stop | 终止容器进程 |
| docker logs | 查看日志 |
| docker images | 查看docker中的镜像 |
| docker rm | 删除镜像 |
| docker rmi | 删除docker容器 |
| docker exec | 交互式进入docker容器中 |
| docker run | 拉取镜像，创建容器、启动容器 |
| dcoker kill | 强行终止docker进程 |
2、例子
2.1、查询、拉取容器
# docker images ---列出本地镜像
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
# docker search nginx ---- 查询nginx镜像
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
nginx Official build of Nginx. 13457 [OK]
jwilder/nginx-proxy Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con… 1837 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of… 780 [OK]
# docker pull nginx ----拉取镜像
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
8559a31e96f4: Pull complete
1cf27aa8120b: Pull complete
67d252a8c1e1: Pull complete
9c2b660fcff6: Pull complete
4584011f2cd1: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a93c8a0b0974c967aebe868a186e5c205f4d3bcb5423a56559f2f9599074bbcd
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
2.2、创建并且启动容器
# docker ps -a ---查询所有进程
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f7f5e453029 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 13 seconds ago Created condescending_einstein
# docker start 8f7f5e453029 ---启动nginx进程
8f7f5e453029
# docker ps ---查看启动进程
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f7f5e453029 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 49 seconds ago Up 9 seconds 80/tcp condescending_einstein
[root@docker ~]#
最简单的拉取、创建、启动
[root@docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@docker ~]# docker run -d -it nginx
Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
8559a31e96f4: Pull complete
1cf27aa8120b: Pull complete
67d252a8c1e1: Pull complete
9c2b660fcff6: Pull complete
4584011f2cd1: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a93c8a0b0974c967aebe868a186e5c205f4d3bcb5423a56559f2f9599074bbcd
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
d7cd36b5d00879de59e4df9ed4e14bfeb5a626893a5823b66133acd0959f1acd
[root@docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d7cd36b5d008 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 29 seconds ago Up 28 seconds 80/tcp unruffled_swanson
[root@docker ~]#
3、终止容器进程
# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f7f5e453029 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 5 minutes ago Up 15 seconds 80/tcp condescending_einstein
# docker stop 8f7f5e453029 ---停止nginx容器进程
8f7f5e453029
# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
# docker restart 8f7f5e453029 ---重启
8f7f5e453029
# docker kill 8f7f5e453029 ---强行终止
8f7f5e453029
# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
#
4、进入容器
# docker exec -it 8f7f5e453029 /bin/bash
root@8f7f5e453029:/# ls
bin dev docker-entrypoint.sh home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot docker-entrypoint.d etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr
root@8f7f5e453029:/# exit
5、删除容器和镜像
1、关闭所有该容器进程
2、删除容器
4、删除镜像
# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f7f5e453029 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 10 minutes ago Up About a minute 80/tcp condescending_einstein
# docker stop 8f7f5e453029
8f7f5e453029
# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
# docker rm 8f7f5e453029
8f7f5e453029
# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 0901fa9da894 39 hours ago 132MB
# docker rmi 0901fa9da894
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx@sha256:a93c8a0b0974c967aebe868a186e5c205f4d3bcb5423a56559f2f9599074bbcd
Deleted: sha256:0901fa9da894a8e9de5cb26d6749eaffb67b373dc1ff8a26c46b23b1175c913a
Deleted: sha256:89a4b5ca03d8301855dee414fc0631cff6410a48ff3a54f5f271906b81cd4e2b
Deleted: sha256:2e03e0e054440102d46743deb10a98bd4a2da37282a5c955c65e30a7bca53fc7
Deleted: sha256:f7b1f49be3e1a298b598c7822a2a9334e0b806da2da34a740a4d64b7c5f877ce
Deleted: sha256:2cdd3840848b3193bc22db56d42a6debdee858468fe3b506656d7d3c836a23c7
Deleted: sha256:13cb14c2acd34e45446a50af25cb05095a17624678dbafbcc9e26086547c1d74
# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE